Table 4.
Univariate and multivariate analysis of potential factors associated with the detection of a pathogen in CSF samples.
| Variable | Confirmed CNS infection (N = 99) n (%) |
Univariate analysis | Multivariate analysis | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR [95%CI] |
p-value | OR [95%CI] |
p-value | ||
| Age | |||||
| <12 months | 13 (50.0) | ref | ref | ref | ref |
| 1 - 4 years | 17 (73.9) | 2.83 [0.85–9.47] |
0.09 | 1.74 [0.45–6.74] |
0.42 |
| ≥ 5 years | 42 (84.0) | 5.25 [1.79–15.43] |
0.003 | 3.64 [1.11–11.95] |
0.03 |
| Gender | |||||
| Female | 34 (82.9) | ref | ref | ref | ref |
| Male | 38 (65.5) | 0.39 [0.12–1.12] |
0.06 | – | – |
| Vomiting | |||||
| No | 30 (63.8) | 2.38 [0.96–5.92] |
0.06 | – | – |
| Yes | 42 (80.8) | ||||
| Lethargic | |||||
| No | 60 (74.1) | 0.70 [0.23–2.10] |
0.53 | – | – |
| Yes | 12 (66.7) | ||||
| Stiff neck | |||||
| No | 37 (68.5) | 1.61 [0.65–3.99] |
0.31 | – | – |
| Yes | 35 (77.8) | ||||
| Increase in WBC | |||||
| No | 28 (80.0) | 0.55 [0.21–1.47] |
0.23 | – | – |
| Yes | 44 (68.8) | ||||
| Increase in CRP | |||||
| No | 22 (73.3) | 0.96 [0.36–2.52] |
0.93 | – | – |
| Yes | 50 (72.5) | ||||
| WBC in CSF | |||||
| < 10 | 5 (31.3) | ref | ref | ref | ref |
| 10 - <100 | 19 (76.0) | 6.97 [1.72–28.25] |
0.007 | 6.38 [1.49–27.24] |
0.01 |
| ≥ 100 | 48 (82.8) | 10.56 [3.00–37.14] |
<0.001 | 7.90 [2.07–30.13] |
0.002 |
| Increase of proteinorachia | |||||
| No | 65 (74.7) | 0.47 [0.14–1.65] |
0.24 | – | – |
| Yes | 7 (58.3) | ||||
| Decrease of glycorrhachia | |||||
| No | 70 (74.5) | 0.23 [0.04–1.45] |
0.12 | – | – |
| Yes | 2 (40.0) | ||||
CRP: C-reactive protein; CSF: cerebrospinal fluid; WBC: white blood cell.