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. 2022 Jun 13;54(1):1646–1656. doi: 10.1080/07853890.2022.2085317

Table 4.

Assessment tools or metrics in testing context.

Testing context Subjective tools
Objective metrics
GRS Checklist Time Length Movement Injury Visual
Simulator (18) 7 1 16 9 4 5 2
Cadaver (8) 8 2 5 0 0 0 0
Animal model (1) 1 0 1 0 0 0 0
Patient (5) 4 3 3 0 1 0 0

The types of simulators included bench-top, VR, and box arthroscopy trainer.

Time = Completion time; Length = Instrument path length; Movement = Hand movement; Injuries = Collisions and injuries; Visual = Visual parameters.