Table 1.

Characteristics of the remote intervention studies among severe mental disorders

N	Article	Country	Sample (n)*	Diagnosis (n)	Age (years) X̄ ± SD (min–max)	Study design	Duration (weeks)	Follow-up (months)	Study outcomes
01	Chen et al. [30]	Taiwan	15 A: 8 ** B: 7	- Schizophrenia (11) - Affective disorders (4)	37.3 ± 10.8 A: 40.9 ± 9.9 B: 33.9 ± 11.4	Pilot single blinded	12	None	- Daily steps using pedometer - Six-Minute Walk Test (6-MWT) - Short Form Health Survey 36 (SF-36) - Weight - BMI - Self-developed survey to measure the feasibility and usage frequency
02	Lee et al. [28]	United States	22 Int: 12 Con: 10	- Schizophrenia spectrum - Bipolar disorder - Major depressive disorder***	44.1 ± 7.6	RCT	8	1	- Short-Form International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) - Physical activity using pedometer - Abdominal circumference - BMI - Weight - Blood pressure - Laboratorial biomarkers (e.g., total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, and triglycerides, glucose, lipid profile)
03	Temmingh et al. [29]	South Africa	333	- Bipolar disorder (259) - Schizophrenia spectrum disorders (102) - Unipolar mood disorder (84) - Other (33)	- 18–29 (135) - 30–39 (229) - 40–49 (224) - More than 50 (173)****	Open-label study	48	None	- Abdominal circumference - BMI - Weight - Blood pressure - Metabolic syndrome assessment - General health assessment (specific questionnaire)
04	Gyllensten and Forsberg [24]	Sweden	73 Int: 43 Con: 30	- Schizophrenia (14) - Neuropsychiatric disorder (14) - Psychosis other (4) - Bipolar disorders (4) - Other diagnosis (9) - Non specified (28)	Int: 38 Con: 37	Randomized study	40	None	- Six-Minute Walk Test (6-MWT) - Abdominal circumference - BMI - Weight - Blood pressure - Short Form Health Survey 36 (SF-36) - Global assessment of Functioning (GAF) - Social interaction
05	Naslund et al. [27]	United States	25 Int: 19& Con: 6	- Major depressive disorder (11) - Bipolar disorder (9) - Schizophrenia spectrum disorders (5)	49.2 ± 11.8 Int: 50.5 ± 11.7 Con: 45.2 ± 12.1	Exploratory study	24	None	- Facebook interactions - Six-Minute Walk Test (6-MWT) - Group attendance - Weight loss
06	Naslund et al. [26]	United States	34	- Major depressive disorder (17) - Bipolar disorder (9) - Schizophrenia spectrum disorders (8)	49.2 ± 11.8	Exploratory study without control group	24	None	- Daily steps using pedometer - Six-Minute Walk Test (6-MWT) - Weight
07	Young et al. [25]	United States	237**** WebMOVE: 71 In person: 78 Con: 88	- Schizophrenia - Schizoaffective disorder - Bipolar Disorder - Major depressive disorder with psychosis - PTSD***	WebMOVE: 55.5 ± 9.2 MOVE SMI: 53.8 ± 10.1 Con: 54.2 ± 9.9	Randomized study with mixed methods	24	None	- Weight - BMI - Brief qualitative interview

Con Control/ usual care, Int Intervention, RCT Randomized control trial, SD Standard deviation, PTSD Post-traumatic stress disorder

* The whole sample size, as well as the number of participants allocated to each group, either intervention or control

** There were two different intervention groups, one-way and two-way messages, named respectively as A and B

*** Lee et al. [28] and Young et al. [25] did not report the exact number of participants according to psychiatric diagnosis

**** Young et al. [25] reported the number of participants for each age group instead of average age and SD. There were three different groups: one received face-to-face intervention (MOVE SMI), one received digital intervention (WebMOVE) and a third one usual care, identified as Con