Table 2.

Summary of primary outcomes and secondary outcomes reported by remote intervention studies

N	Article	Primary Outcome*	Secondary outcomes*
01	Chen et al. [30]	↑ Physical activity (N = 15, p = 0.15, r = 0.39)	= weight  = BMI  = quality of life  = feasibility and usage frequency
02	Lee et al. [28]	↑ Physical activity (N = 16, p = 0.11, r = 0.40)	= Abdominal circumference  = BMI  = Weight  = Blood pressure  = Laboratorial biomarkers (e.g., total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein, high-density lipoprotein, and triglycerides, glucose, lipid profile)
03	Temmingh et al. [29]	↓ Weight (N = 467, logscale β = -0.0004705, p < 0.001)	↓ BMI ↓ Abdominal circumference ↑ General health
04	Gyllensten and Forsberg [24]	= Physical activity (N = 44, non-significant between and within groups)**	= Blood pressure  = Weight  = BMI  = Abdominal circumference  = Quality of life  = Social interaction  = Functionality
05	Naslund et al. [27]	Association between cardiovascular risk reduction and weight loss and number of interactions in the Facebook group (respectively (N = 18, t = 2.12, p = 0.06, and N = 19, t = -2.26, p = 0.06)	No significant association between improved fitness and number of interactions in the Facebook group
06	Naslund et al. [26]	Higher daily step count was significantly associated with greater weight loss (N = 34, F = 5.07, df = 1.32, p = 0.0314)	Daily step count was significantly associated with fitness change (N = 34, F = 1.92, df = 1.31, p = 0.176)
07	Young et al. [25]	↓ BMI in WebMOVE (t = 3.3, p = 0.001) compared with either in-person (t = 0.10, p = 0.92) or usual care (t = − 0.25, p = 0.80)	Feasibility and acceptability of the intervention was well received

N number of participants who completed intervention in each study, r calculation of effect size, r, by dividing the z value by the square root of N (the number of total observations or sample)

*Comparison between intervention group (or equivalent) and control group after the end of intervention (or follow-up assessment)

** p-values were not reported in the study