Table 3.
Ratio of excess deaths over recorded COVID-19 deaths for 33 countries.
| Country | Reported COVID-19 Deaths from OWID | Excess Death/Reported per eLife | Excess Death/Reported Economist | Excess Death/Reported per Lancet | Excess Death/Reported per WHO | Excess Death/Reported Age-Adjusted | Excess Death/Reported per Levitt Not Age-Adjusted |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Australia | 2253 | −5.17 | −4.22 | −8.03 | −6.33 | −6.42 | −0.94 |
| Austria | 13,733 | 1.11 | 1.23 | 1.33 | 0.87 | 0.95 | 1.12 |
| Belgium | 28,331 | 0.73 | 0.82 | 1.16 | 0.63 | 0.49 | 0.67 |
| Canada | 30,570 | 0.44 | 0.77 | 1.43 | 0.72 | 0.71 | 1.24 |
| Chile | 39,115 | 0.99 | 0.97 | 0.95 | 0.99 | 0.81 | 1.15 |
| Croatia | 12,538 | 1.34 | 1.53 | 1.83 | 1.37 | 0.97 | 1.28 |
| Czechia | 36,129 | 1.15 | 1.22 | 1.36 | 1.03 | 0.94 | 1.20 |
| Denmark | 3267 | 0.28 | 0.75 | 3.18 | 1.14 | −0.97 | 0.73 |
| Estonia | 1932 | 1.64 | 1.95 | 2.91 | 1.75 | 1.38 | 1.73 |
| Finland | 1714 | 1.55 | 2.61 | 5.12 | 1.67 | −0.42 | 2.53 |
| France | 123,805 | 0.64 | 0.79 | 1.25 | 0.66 | 0.47 | 0.78 |
| Germany | 111,925 | 0.79 | 1.01 | 1.81 | 1.74 | 0.49 | 1.15 |
| Greece | 20,790 | 1.16 | 1.22 | 1.22 | 0.93 | 0.99 | 1.42 |
| Hungary | 39,186 | 0.91 | 1.06 | 1.37 | 0.93 | 0.71 | 0.92 |
| Iceland | 37 | 1.35 | −0.95 | −8.49 | −0.27 | −3.82 | 0.29 |
| Israel | 8243 | 0.87 | 0.97 | 1.13 | 0.75 | 0.39 | 0.66 |
| Italy | 137,402 | 1.22 | 1.39 | 1.88 | 1.17 | 0.84 | 1.21 |
| Latvia | 4570 | 1.53 | 1.72 | 2.71 | 1.68 | 1.32 | 1.54 |
| Lithuania | 7387 | 2.17 | 2.35 | 2.71 | 2.34 | 1.53 | 1.66 |
| Luxembourg | 915 | 0.06 | 0.34 | 1.17 | 0.08 | 0.12 | 0.19 |
| Netherlands | 20,999 | 1.36 | 1.57 | 2.17 | 1.39 | 0.86 | 1.52 |
| New Zealand | 51 | −54.65 | −50.31 | −17.10 | −52.51 | −80.75 | −35.81 |
| Norway | 1305 | 0.84 | 1.52 | 0.57 | −0.08 | −2.29 | −0.14 |
| Poland | 97,054 | 1.62 | 1.77 | 2.20 | 1.62 | 1.54 | 1.88 |
| Portugal | 18,955 | 1.09 | 1.29 | 2.13 | 1.08 | 0.86 | 1.35 |
| Slovakia | 16,635 | 1.45 | 1.54 | 1.53 | 1.46 | 1.12 | 1.43 |
| Slovenia | 5589 | 0.89 | 0.98 | 1.25 | 1.00 | 0.71 | 1.01 |
| South Korea | 5625 | 1.34 | 1.24 | 0.82 | 1.12 | −5.38 | 5.94 |
| Spain | 89,405 | 1.15 | 1.29 | 1.81 | 1.16 | 0.77 | 1.07 |
| Sweden | 15,310 | 0.65 | 0.78 | 1.18 | 0.74 | −0.02 | 0.24 |
| Switzerland | 12,217 | 0.93 | 1.11 | 1.27 | 0.68 | 0.46 | 0.83 |
| United Kingdom | 148,737 | 0.92 | 1.00 | 1.14 | 1.00 | 0.59 | 0.85 |
| United States | 827,887 | 1.16 | 1.23 | 1.36 | 1.13 | 1.05 | 1.35 |
| TOTAL OR MEDIANS | 1,883,611 | 1.09 | 1.22 | 1.36 | 1.00 | 0.71 | 1.15 |
OWID refers to Our World in Data master COVID-19 file down loaded from https://covid.ourworldindata.org/data/owid-covid-data.csv on 22-Apr-2022.