Table 1.
Characteristics of people who self-reported avoidance of medication treatment for opioid use disorder among people (n = 702) who have been on methadone treatment -- United States and Canada, May 2020 - March 2021.
| Covariate |
Total |
Self-Reported Avoid MOUD |
Crude association |
Adjusted association |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | Column % | n | % | Odds Ratio (95% Confidence Interval) | Odds ratio (95% Confidence Interval) | |
| Total | 702 | 100 | 178 | 25.36 | NA | NA |
| Age | ||||||
| 18–49 | 289 | 41.17 | 82 | 28.37 | ref | ref |
| 50 + | 413 | 58.83 | 96 | 23.24 | 0.76 (0.54–1.08) | 1.34 (0.55–3.47) |
| Sex | ||||||
| M | 422 | 60.11 | 121 | 28.67 | ref | ref |
| F | 280 | 39.89 | 57 | 20.36 | 0.64 (0.44–0.91) | 0.73 (0.32–1.6) |
| Racial/Ethnic Group | ||||||
| Not White | 464 | 66.1 | 155 | 33.41 | ref | ref |
| White | 238 | 33.9 | 23 | 9.66 | 0.21 (0.13–0.34) | 0.77 (0.3–1.93) |
| Homeless | ||||||
| No | 520 | 74.07 | 160 | 30.77 | ref | ref |
| Yes | 182 | 25.93 | 18 | 9.89 | 0.25 (0.14–0.41) | 0.93 (0.34–2.42) |
| How worried are you about COVID-19? | ||||||
| All others | 549 | 78.21 | 124 | 22.59 | ref | ref |
| Highest quartile of worry | 153 | 21.79 | 54 | 35.29 | 1.87 (1.26–2.75) | 1.2 (0.52–2.67) |
| Stocked up on drugs? | ||||||
| No | 634 | 90.31 | 162 | 25.55 | ref | ref |
| Yes | 68 | 9.69 | 16 | 23.53 | 0.9 (0.48–1.58) | 1.28 (0.36–4.01) |
| Tested for COVID-19? | ||||||
| Never | 263 | 37.46 | 12 | 4.56 | ref | ref |
| Yes, at least once | 439 | 62.54 | 166 | 37.81 | 12.72 (7.2–24.65) | 0.58 (0.23–1.52) |
| How many people interacted with for drugs? | ||||||
| All others | 533 | 75.93 | 156 | 29.27 | ref | ref |
| Highest quartile of contacts | 169 | 24.07 | 22 | 13.02 | 0.36 (0.22–0.58) | 1.22 (0.5–2.84) |
| Number of sex partners? | ||||||
| All others | 645 | 91.88 | 155 | 24.03 | ref | ref |
| Highest quartile of sex partners | 57 | 8.12 | 23 | 40.35 | 2.14 (1.21–3.72) | 0.37 (0.09–1.36) |
| HIV Status | ||||||
| Negative | 432 | 61.54 | 95 | 21.99 | ref | ref |
| Positive | 270 | 38.46 | 83 | 30.74 | 1.57 (1.11–2.22) | 0.71 (0.32–1.5) |
| Daily opioid use? | ||||||
| No | 630 | 89.74 | 168 | 26.67 | ref | ref |
| Yes | 72 | 10.26 | 10 | 13.89 | 0.44 (0.21–0.85) | 3.1 (0.98–9.17) |
| Location | ||||||
| Vancouver | 310 | 44.16 | 8 | 2.58 | ref | ref |
| Baltimore | 232 | 33.05 | 20 | 8.62 | 3.56 (1.59–8.73) | 4.8 (1.56–15.88) |
| Chicago | 26 | 3.70 | 24 | 92.31 | 453 (111.16–3154.87) | 988.86 (143.58–10341.85) |
| Los Angeles | 39 | 5.56 | 33 | 84.62 | 207.62 (73.15–697.87) | 608.56 (107.78–4338.37) |
| Miami | 95 | 13.53 | 93 | 97.89 | 1755.37 (453.69–11929.52) | 3445.1 (629.97–29536.61) |
| Collection Date | ||||||
| < =September 30, 2020 | 428 | 60.97 | 94 | 52.81 | ref | ref |
| > = Oct 1, 2020 | 274 | 39.03 | 84 | 30.66 | 1.57 (1.11–2.22) | 1.14 (0.52–2.43) |