Table 1.
Demographic and clinical characteristics of participants with and without anxiety disorder diagnoses.
| Variable | Comorbid anxiety (n = 44) | No comorbid-anxiety (n = 57) | Test statistics | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (mean ± SD) | 47.93 ± 12.10 | 51.63 ± 10.77 | t = 1.60 | 0.11 |
| Gender, n (%) | ||||
| Female | 30 (29.70) | 35 (34.65) | χ2 = 0.25 | 0.62 |
| Male | 14 (13.86) | 22 (21.78) | ||
| DSM-5 bipolar diagnosis, n (%) | ||||
| Bipolar-I | 32 (31.68) | 49 (48.51) | χ2 = 1.97 | 0.16 |
| Bipolar-II | 12 (11.88) | 8 (7.92) | ||
| Medication, n (%) | ||||
| Medicated | 42 (41.58) | 56 (55.45) | χ2 = 2.00 | 0.16 |
| Mood stabilisers | 24 (23.76) | 41 (40.59) | χ2 = 4.45 | 0.03 |
| Antipsychotics | 27 (26.73) | 32 (31.68) | χ2 = 0.42 | 0.52 |
| Antidepressants | 29 (28.71) | 29 (28.71) | χ2 = 0.00 | 0.99 |
| Anxiolytics and Z-drugs | 20 (19.80) | 21 (20.79) | χ2 = 0.02 | 0.88 |
| AMS score (mean ± SD) | 2.64 ± 3.00 | 3.68 ± 4.01 | t = 1.50 | 0.14 |
| PHQ score (mean ± SD) | 10.39 ± 10.13 | 5.75 ± 7.06 | t = 2.59 | 0.01 |
| BDI score (mean ± SD) | 6.93 ± 12.27 | 5.60 ± 9.14 | t = 0.60 | 0.55 |
| Above PHQ/BDI threshold score,a n (%) | 32 (31.68) | 28 (27.72) | χ2 = 0.27 | 0.61 |
| Experienced a mood episode during sleep monitoring, n (%) | 20 (19.80) | 23 (22.77) | χ2 = 0.21 | 0.65 |
DSM-5, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (5th Edition); AMS, Altman Self-rating Mania Scale; PHQ, Patient Health Questionnaire-9; BDI, Beck Depression Inventory-II.
a
Cut-off thresholds defined for PHQ and BDI questionnaires, with above-threshold scores indicating clinically significant depressive mood symptoms: PHQ ≥ 10; BDI ≥ 11.