Table 1.

Examples of cadaver use in medical education and research

1. Acquisition of basic medical skills

Use of cadavers by doctors-in-training to acquire the anatomical knowledge indispensable for safely performing the medical techniques

2. Acquisition of basic surgical and interventional skills

Use of cadavers for learning essential surgical and interventional techniques in lieu of on-the-job training (OJT) or training on animal subjects

3. Acquisition of surgical or interventional skills requiring high-grade techniques

Use of cadavers for learning state-of-the-art surgical skills with few chances of OJT, or those difficult to learn through model animals due to their anatomical differences from the human body

4. Research and development of innovative surgical or interventional skills, and medical devices

Use of cadavers for preclinical practice of surgical techniques or developing new surgical devices