Table 4.

Takeaways research literature at macro-level

Level	SDGs	What are the best practices/strategies to deploy the SDGs?
Macro	Single	Introducing publicly funded research in the sustainable development framework Conducting research for specific sustainability domains e.g. peaceful and inclusive societies Assigning ESD group for collaborative research Collaborative research on ESD assessment, global competencies, and teachers’ understanding of ESD
	Multiple
	Overall	Establishing specialized SD research centers targeting all the university's stakeholders Facilitating cross-border research collaborations Founding research networks within the SD ecosystem that bring together researchers from different institutions A transparent and organized report of research products, financed research projects, and budget of research-based courses and research facilities