Table 3.
Comparison of baseline characteristics between calciphylaxis and non-calciphylaxis hemodialysis patients.
| Characteristic | Calciphylaxis patients (N = 48) | Controls (N = 3,819)b | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gender | |||
| Male | 33 (68.75%) | 2,357 (61.72%) | 0.319 |
| Female | 15 (31.25%) | 1,462 (38.28%) | |
| Age (years) | 53.85 ± 15.17 | 55.35 ± 13.87 | 0.457 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.45 ± 4.08 | 21.80 ± 3.53 | 0.008 |
| Duration of dialysis (months) | 84.00 (48.00, 138.75) | 50.00 (24.00, 100.00) | 0.002 |
| Kidney transplant | 1 (2.08%) | 119 (3.25%) | 0.964 |
| Comorbidities | |||
| Hypertension | 41 (85.42%) | 2,859 (76.59%) | 0.150 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 18 (37.5%) | 701 (19.07%) | 0.001 |
| Coronary heart disease | 8 (16.67%) | 369 (10.04%) | 0.204 |
| Atrial fibrillation | 6 (12.5%) | 186 (5.13%) | 0.051 |
| Stroke | 8 (16.67%) | 305 (8.32%) | 0.071 |
| Hepatitis | 8 (16.67%) | 492 (13.27%) | 0.491 |
| Tumor | 4 (8.33%) | 32 (0.87%) | 0.001 |
| History of SHPT | |||
| SHPT | 35 (72.92%) | 1,364 (38.03%) | <0.001 |
| Duration of SHPT (months) | 35.00 (13.00, 72.00) | 13.00 (6.00, 36.00) | 0.003 |
| Parathyroidectomy | 15 (42.86%) | 302 (23.34%) | 0.008 |
| Postoperative hypocalcemia | 14 (93.33%) | 225 (76.27%) | 0.223 |
| Medication history | |||
| Immunosuppressive therapy | 11 (22.92%) | 555 (15%) | 0.128 |
| Warfarin therapy | 4 (8.33%) | 30 (0.96%) | 0.002 |
| Laboratory examination | |||
| Hemoglobin (g/L) | 108.69 ± 21.21 | 106.77 ± 19.75 | 0.503 |
| White blood cell ( ×109/L) | 7.00 ± 2.24 | 6.15 ± 1.98 | 0.003 |
| Platelet ( ×109/L) | 179.51 ± 67.39 | 164.61 ± 59.20 | 0.087 |
| Serum calcium (mmol/L) | 2.34 ± 0.29 | 2.30 ± 0.41 | 0.535 |
| Corrected serum calciuma (mmol/L) | 2.41 ± 0.29 | 2.30 ± 0.42 | 0.072 |
| Serum phosphate (mmol/L) | 1.92 ± 0.65 | 1.89 ± 0.68 | 0.757 |
| Serum albumin (g/L) | 36.47 ± 5.06 | 40.32 ± 4.74 | <0.001 |
| ALP (IU/L) | 125.00 (82.00, 208.00) | 84.00 (65.00, 115.00) | <0.001 |
| ALT (IU/L) | 16.00 (9.25, 21.50) | 12.00 (8.00, 18.00) | 0.167 |
| AST (IU/L) | 16.00 (12.25, 21.00) | 14.00 (11.00, 19.00) | 0.125 |
| Triglycerides (mmol/L) | 1.38 (0.91,2.60) | 1.50 (1.00,2.40) | 0.574 |
| Total cholesterol (mmol/L) | 3.74 (3.14, 4.35) | 3.60 (3.04, 4.40) | 0.767 |
| iPTH (pg/mL) | 431.30 (129.90, 902.00) | 260.00 (120.45, 505.95) | 0.011 |
| Plasma glucose (fasting) (mmol/L) | 5.56 (4.76, 6.83) | 5.40 (4.67, 7.02) | 0.736 |
| Glycated hemoglobin (%) | 7.28 ± 1.60 | 6.52 ± 1.76 | 0.090 |
| INR | 1.11 ± 0.12 | 1.07 ± 0.18 | 0.082 |
| Ferritin (ug/L) | 103.60 (38.40, 403.20) | 194.30 (69.10, 497.20) | 0.091 |
| TnI (ng/mL) | 0.034 (0.012, 0.058) | 0.030 (0.010, 0.070) | 0.938 |
| BNP (pg/mL) | 342.00 (95.00, 1060.00) | 744.45 (204.50, 2220.00) | 0.137 |
| hs-CRP (mg/L) | 12.60 (3.73, 30.10) | 3.20 (1.00, 7.44) | <0.001 |
a
Corrected serum calcium: The serum calcium level was corrected based on the albumin content, and the formula was: corrected serum Ca concentration (mg/dL) = measured Ca concentration (mg/dL) + 0.8 × [4.0 - measured serum albumin concentration (g/dL)].
b
Percentages of some items might not be equal to the ratio of the numbers to the total number of groups due to partial incomplete data.