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. 2022 Jun 10;13:880201. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.880201

Table 2.

Summary of systematic review and meta-analyses assessing the association between psoriasis and metabolic diseases-cardiovascular disease risk factors.

Study Study dates Total number of patients Number of studies included CV risk factor Composite measure of association (95% CI)
Psoriasis No psoriasis
Aune et al. (29) 2018 Up to 8 August 2017 17,636 695,471 7 prospective studies Adiposity risk Summary RR
1.19 (1.10–1.28) for a 5-unit increment in BMI;
1.24 (1.17–1.31) per 10 cm increase in WC;
1.37 (1.23–1.53) per 0.1-unit increase in waist-to-hip ratio;
1.11 (1.07–1.16) per 5 kg of weight gain.
Friis et al. (30) 2019 1952-2016 1,508 1,452 26 clinical studies Type 2 diabetes risk Evidence is not unequivocally supporting common pathophysiological denominators in psoriasis and type 2 diabetes
Rodríguez-Zúñiga et al. (31)
2017		 January 1980
to January 2016		 25,042 131,609 14 observational studies including case-control, cross-sectional, or cohort) with 156,651 participants MetS risk

  1. A pooled OR= 1.42 (1.28-1.55)

    OR for prospective studies=1.52 (1.27-1.76);

    OR for retrospective studies=1.38 (1.19-1.57)

  2. OR, 1.76 (0.86-2.67) for Middle Eastern (in Israel, Turkey, and Lebanon)

  3. OR, 1.40 (1.25-1.55) for European studies (in Germany, Italy, the United Kingdom, Norway, and Denmark)

  4. Systemic treatment reduced risk for MS (OR, 1.37(1.23; 1.50)
Pietrzak et al. (32).2017 1966 to June 2015 965 children NR 7 MetS risk OR = 6.10 (2.66–13.98)
Wu et al. (33) 2020 2009-2018 862 NR 6 studies Body weight and BMI increase risk in patients receiving biologics Treatment of TNF-α inhibitors was associated with an increase in body weight (mean difference 1.40 kg, 95% CI: 0.88-1.93 kg) and BMI (0.39 kg/m2, 95% CI: 0.24-0.54 kg/m2).
Zou et al. (34) 2021 Inception to 1 May 2020 448 377 11 studies Association between serum visfatin levels and (1) psoriasis and (2) the severity of psoriasis

  1. Significantly higher levels of visfatin than the controls

    SMD=0.90 (0.52, 1.28)

  2. Serum visfatin levels were associated with ethnicity, PASI and BMI.

  3. Visfatin levels were correlated with PASI

    r=0.51(0.14, 0.75)

TNF, tumor necrosis factor; PASI, Psoriasis Area and Severity Index; BMI, body mass index; NR, not reported.

RR, relative risk; BMI, body mass index; HDL, high-density lipoprotein; WC, waist circumference; CI, confidence interval.