Table 5.

Selected studies on the neuroprotective effect of phlorotannins from macroalgae.

Compound	Tested Concentration	Macroalgae	Bioactivity	Type of Model	Experimental Model	Reference
Dioxinodehydroeckol, eckol, phlorofurofucoeckol-A		E. bicyclis	Inhibition of BACE1	In vitro	In vitro assay	[209]
Fucofuroeckol-b	25–100 µg/mL	E. bicyclis	Inhibition of β-secretase	In vitro	Aβ-induced toxicity on SH-SY5Y cells overexpressing APP695swe (parameters assessed: cell viability and expression levels of sAPPβ and Aβ42)	[210]
Eckol and dieckol		E. bicyclis	Inhibition of hMAOs	In vitro	In vitro assay	[212]
Phlorofucofuroeckol-A		E. stolonifera	Inhibition of hMAOs	In vitro	In vitro assay	[213]
6, 6′-Bieckol	10–40 µM	E. stolonifera	Anti-inflammatory	In vitro	LPS-stimulated BV2 and murine primary microglial cells (parameters assessed: cell viability, intracellular ROS, levels of pro-inflammatory mediators, activation of signalling pathways)	[364]
Diphlorethohydroxycarmalol	0.5–50 µM	I. okamurae	Antioxidant	In vitro	HT22 cells treated by H2O2 (parameters assessed: cell viability, apoptosis, intracellular ROS, lipid peroxidation inhibitory activity, and intracellular Ca2+ level)	[367]
Different extracts containing phloroglucinol and other phenolic compounds		H. elongata	Antioxidant	In vitro	DPPH• scavenging activity	[369]