Table 1.
Demographic characteristics for each group and significance level of the comparison between the two groups before and after propensity score matching.
| Crude | After Propensity Score Matching | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Exposure | Control | p-Value | Exposure | Control | p-Value | |
| Variables | n = 341 | n = 493 | n = 292 | n = 292 | ||
| Age (in years), mean (SD 1) | 75.86 (±8.15) | 78.80 (±7.69) | <0.001 | 76.50 (±7.88) | 76.50 (±7.46) | 1 |
| Sex, male (%) | 159 (46.8) | 207 (42.0) | 0.178 | 130 (44.5) | 124 (42.5) | 0.676 |
| BMI, mean (SD) | 22.52 (±3.35) | 22.71 (±4.07) | 0.483 | 22.64 (±3.33) | 22.45 (±3.61) | 0.523 |
| Having chronic diseases (%) | 270 (79.2) | 450 (91.3) | <0.001 | 251 (86.0) | 253 (86.6) | 0.904 |
| Alcohol (%) | 129 (38.2) | 155 (31.6) | 0.053 | 104 (35.6) | 108 (37.0) | 0.796 |
| Tobacco (%) | 34 (10.0) | 27 (5.5) | 0.012 | 19 (6.5) | 22 (7.5) | 0.746 |
| Higher education (%) | 175 (51.6) | 197 (40.3) | 0.001 | 147 (50.3) | 144 (49.3) | 0.869 |
| Living with family (%) | 299 (89.3) | 422 (86.5) | 0.282 | 257 (88.0) | 257 (88.0) | 1 |
| Annual health check-up (%) | 242 (71.2) | 354 (72.4) | 0.753 | 214 (73.3) | 206 (70.5) | 0.519 |
| High SES (%) | 161 (47.6) | 223 (45.9) | 0.67 | 135 (46.2) | 134 (45.9) | 1 |
| High social capital (%) | 284 (85.0) | 408 (84.1) | 0.769 | 248 (86.4) | 249 (85.9) | 0.904 |
| High social support (%) | 270 (80.8) | 427 (86.6) | 0.032 | 240 (82.2) | 243 (83.2) | 0.827 |
1 SD: standard deviation.