Table 2.
Socio-demographics characteristics of various smoking habits among respondents with history of stroke (n = 4194).
| E-Cigarette Smokers with History of Stroke n = 66 (1.57%) |
Dual E-Cigarette + Traditional Smokers with History of Stroke n = 855 (20.39%) |
Traditional Smokers with History of Stroke n = 3273 (78.04%) | Total n = 4194 (100) |
p Value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age in years at screening (Median + IQR) |
50 (45–63) | 55 (47–64) | 69 (62–80) | <0.0001 | |
| Sex (%) | <0.0001 | ||||
| Female | 36.36 | 51.93 | 33.91 | 37.63 | |
| Male | 63.64 | 48.07 | 66.09 | 62.37 | |
| Race (%) | <0.0001 | ||||
| Mexican-American | 21.21 | 11.58 | 6.02 | 7.39 | |
| Other Hispanic | 24.24 | 5.15 | 7.70 | 7.44 | |
| Non-Hispanic White | 37.88 | 47.13 | 42.77 | 43.59 | |
| Non-Hispanic Black | 0.00 | 24.09 | 31.29 | 29.33 | |
| Non-Hispanic Asian | 0.00 | 0.00 | 3.79 | 2.96 | |
| Other Race—Including Multi-Racial | 16.67 | 12.05 | 8.43 | 9.30 | |
| Annual Household Income (%) | <0.0001 | ||||
| $0–$25,000 | 57.58 | 59.15 | 50.67 | 52.44 | |
| $25,000–$65,000 | 16.67 | 32.18 | 32.49 | 32.16 | |
| $65,000–$100,000 | 25.76 | 4.27 | 7.99 | 7.57 | |
| >$100,000 | 0.00 | 4.41 | 8.85 | 7.83 | |
| Comorbidities (%) | |||||
| Coronary Heart Disease (%) | 25.76 | 15.32 | 27.62 | 25.08 | <0.0001 |
| Congestive Heart Failure (%) | 25.76 | 21.75 | 16.59 | 17.79 | <0.0001 |
| High Blood Pressure—2+ Times (%) | 60.98 | 98.02 | 80.91 | 84.11 | <0.0001 |
| Recent Systolic Blood Pressure in mmHg (Median) * |
118 | 120 | 134 | <0.0001 | |
| Recent Diastolic Blood Pressure in mmHg (Median) * |
70 | 80 | 80 | <0.0001 | |
| Taking Prescribed Medicine For HBP (%) | 100.00 | 81.66 | 89.33 | 87.89 | <0.0001 |
| High Cholesterol Level (%) | 25.76 | 60.58 | 58.11 | 58.11 | <0.0001 |
| Taking Prescribed Medicine High Cholesterol (%) | 100.00 | 82.52 | 84.39 | 81.83 | 0.2876 |
| LDL-Cholesterol, NIH Equation 2 (mg/dL) (Median) * | 112 | 101 | 110 | <0.0001 | |
| Diabetes (%) | 50.00 | 19.06 | 36.63 | 33.26 | <0.0001 |
| Last Hb A1C Level (Median) * | 5.7 | 7.2 | 7.9 | <0.0001 | |
| Feeling Down, Depressed, Or Hopeless (%) | <0.0001 | ||||
| Several Days | 12.12 | 17.56 | 18.24 | 17.99 | |
| More Than Half The Days | 0.00 | 13.59 | 8.91 | 9.73 | |
| Nearly Every Day | 21.21 | 19.87 | 7.46 | 10.29 | |
| Liver Disorders (%) | 21.21 | 6.43 | 9.84 | 9.32 | <0.0001 |
| Cancer Or Malignancy (%) | 25.76 | 17.19 | 24.35 | 22.91 | <0.0001 |
| Alcohol use disorder—Heavy drinking (%) † | 30.91 | 41.97 | 61.24 | 56.03 | <0.0001 |
| Marijuana or Hashish (%) | 100.00 | 92.15 | 66.20 | 78.61 | <0.0001 |
| Cocaine/Heroin/Methamphetamin (%) | 71.21 | 38.85 | 31.64 | 34.93 | <0.0001 |
| Inject Illegal Drug (%) | 21.21 | 1.77 | 4.63 | 4.63 | <0.0001 |
Percentage in brackets are column %, indicating a direct comparison between e-cigarette users vs. dual smokers vs. traditional smokers. * Due to positive skewed data and absence of 75th percentile (Q3) value, IQR for the median was not mentioned † Heavy drinking: for women, 8 or more drinks per week, and for men, 15 or more drinks per week.