Figure 4.

Changes in the expression of genes related to the biofilm formation of C. albicans. (a) ALS1 encoding cell-surface associated glycoproteins, (b) HWP1 related to hyphal-specific adhesion, (c) GSC1 involved in the β-1,3-glucan synthesis and extracellular matrix production, and (d) SOD5 associated with superoxide dismutase production and oxidative responses. The relative gene expression was normalized to 18S ribosomal RNA levels (housekeeping). The error bars were obtained from N = 3 measurements. Significant differences between the groups are expressed as follows: *p < 0.05, **p < 0.001, or ***p < 0.0001.