Table 6.

A comprehensive summary of laser-based assessment techniques for concrete structures.

References	Laser-Based Scanning Device	Type of Assessment	Post-Processing Method(s)
[80]	N/A	Surface roughness	Filtering and sliding window
[81]	Riegl VZ-400	Scaling detection	Region growing algorithm
[82]	Leica C10 TLS	Crack detection	Probabilistic relaxation technique
[83]	N/A	Displacement measurement	Finite element model
[84]	FARO Focus 3D	Surface roughness	Scan-vs.-bim method
[85]	FARO Focus 3D	Spalling detection	Angle and distance deviation with classifier
[86]	Trimble CX	Crack detection	Point cloud analysis
[87]	FARO Focus 3D and Photon 80	Crack, Spalling, Corrosion, Delamination and Rupture Detection	Silhouette-based Method
[88]	Trimble TX5 3D	Spaling detection	Multiscale model to model cloud comparison
[89]	Trimble TX5 3D	Crack detection	Low and high-resolution fit
[90]	Leica ScanStation C5	Crack detection	K-means clustering, median filtering, and otsu’s binarization
[91]	Reigl VZ-2000 and HandySCAN 700	Crack detection	Otsu’s binarization
[92]	Velodyne VLP-16	Crack detection	Convolutional neural network