Figure 1.

Appearance and gelation time of injectable chitosan–collagen hydrogel containing different fucoidan concentrations. (a) The clear liquid sol turns into an opaque hydrogel at 37 °C. Scale bar = 1 cm. (b) The gelation time was approximated using the tube-inverting method. The gelation time was reached when no flow was observed any longer. (c) Time sweep tests of hydrogels without and with 100 µg/mL fucoidan at 37 °C. The gel point (G′ (dots) > G″ (squares)) and the end of the gelation process are marked with a dashed line. (d) Start time of the gelation process and (e) gelation duration were plotted for hydrogels with and without fucoidan. Experiments were repeated three times (n = 3).