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. 2022 Jun 18;14(12):2530. doi: 10.3390/nu14122530

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© 2022 by the authors.

Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

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FA increased fatty acid oxidation and ketone body biosynthesis in liver. (A) Schematic representation of fatty acid oxidation and ketone body biosynthesis pathways. ★: the rate-limiting enzyme. (B) The relative mRNA levels of genes involved in fatty acid oxidation and ketone body biosynthesis in the livers of the CON, HFD and HFD+FA mice (n = 6). (C) The relative protein levels of CPT1α, ACOX1, and HMGCS2 (n = 3). Data are shown as mean ± SEM. ** p < 0.01, *** p < 0.001, **** p < 0.0001.