Table A2.
Summary of reviewed articles.
Art | Year | Est | AP | rPoint | fMap | fmRoom | mAlg | sAlg | mError | oError | sType |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
[23] | 2020 | pMap | 520 | 993 | UJIIndoorLoc | N | KNN, LR, SVM, RF | RMSE = 1.87 m | RSSI | ||
[55] | 2020 | exp | 6 | 112 | 460 | Y | capsnet | 0.68 | RSSI | ||
[31] | 2020 | exp | 8 | 133 | 512 | N | Deep Fuzzy Forest | 1.36 | RMSE = 1.79 m | RSSI | |
[52] | 2020 | exp | 1 | 32 | 50 | N | CNN | 1.77 | CSI | ||
exp | 1 | 24 | 40 | N | CNN | 1.16 | CSI | ||||
exp | 1 | 66 | 49 | N | CNN | 2.54 | CSI | ||||
[97] | 2020 | exp | 6 | 50 | 60 | N | RF | Bernoulli distribution | RMSE = 2.50 m | RSSI | |
[98] | 2020 | exp | 25 | 240 | 315 | N | RF | Co-forest | 2.44 | RSSI | |
exp | 5 | NULL | N | RF | 4.44 | RSSI | |||||
[24] | 2020 | pMap | 7 | 1000 | Rajen Bhatt | Y | MLP | Accuracy = 94.4% | RSSI | ||
[25] | 2020 | pMap | 520 | 993 | UJIIndoorLoc | Y | CNN | Accuracy = 88% | RSSI | ||
[99] | 2020 | exp | 195 | 300 | 800 | N | DNN | HMM | 1.22 | RMSE = 1.43 m | RSSI |
[32] | 2020 | exp | 3 | 56 | 87.75 | N | DNN | LC | 0.78 | std = 1.96 m | CSI |
[28] | 2020 | exp | 4 | 236 | 1148 | Y | BPNN | GA-PSO | 0.22 | RSSI | |
[26] | 2020 | exp | 10 | 102 | 568.4 | Y | LSTM | LF-D | 1.48 | RSSI | |
exp | 30 | 353 | 2750 | Y | LSTM | 1.75 | RSSI | ||||
[27] | 2020 | pMap | Cramariuc | Y | SEQ2SEQ | LSTM | 5.5 | RSSI | |||
pMap. | Cramariuc | Y | SEQ2SEQ | 3.08 | RSSI | ||||||
[100] | 2020 | pMap | IPIN2016 | Y | CNN, LSTM | 4.93 | RSSI | ||||
pMap | IPIN2016 | Y | CNN, LSTM | 5.4 | RSSI | ||||||
pMap | 520 | 993 | UJI Library | Y | CNN, LSTM | 3.2 | RSSI | ||||
pMap | 520 | 993 | UJI Library | Y | CNN, LSTM | 4.98 | RSSI | ||||
[56] | 2020 | exp | 5 | 22 | 293 | Y | DNN | Accuracy = 95.45% in 3.65 × 3.65 m | RSSI | ||
[29] | 2020 | exp | 157 | 5500 | Y | RNN | DL | 3.05 | std = 2.818 m | RSSI | |
pMap | 520 | 993 | UJIIndoorLoc | Y | RNN | 4.92 | std = 3.719 m | RSSI | |||
sim | 4 | 00 | 1681 | Y | RNN | DL | 2.42 –2.92 | RSSI | |||
[101] | 2020 | sim | 54 | 54 | 10,000 m | N | MLP | 3.35 | RSSI | ||
[9] | 2020 | exp | 3 | 7 | 25 | Y | DNN | RESNET | 0.11 | RMSE = 0.08 m | SNR |
[102] | 2020 | pMap | 40 | UJI Library | N | CNN | SVR | 2.15 | RSSI | ||
[66] | 2019 | exp | 3 | 30 | 540 | N | DBN | cross entropy and the mean squared | NULL | RSSI | |
[34] | 2019 | exp | 2 | 59 | 125 | Y | SVM | 0.7 | RSSI | ||
[57] | 2019 | exp | 206 | NULL | Y | DNN | Stacked AutoEncoder | Accuracy = 85% | RSSI | ||
[35] | 2019 | exp | 1 | 100 | 100 | N | SVM | 1.9 | std = 0.07 m | CSI | |
[103] | 2019 | exp | NULL | NULL | CNN | RMSE = 0.31 m | RSSI | ||||
[104] | 2019 | exp | 1 | 63 | Y | SVM | 96.4% | RSSI | |||
exp | 1 | 63 | Y | MLP | 96.5% | RSSI | |||||
[53] | 2019 | exp | NULL | NULL | SVM | RMSE = 0.42 m | CSI | ||||
[58] | 2019 | exp | 16 | 83 | 305 | Y | DNN | 2 | RSSI | ||
[59] | 2019 | pMap | 520 | 993 | UJIIndoorLoc | Y | CNN | Accuracy = 95.92% | RSSI | ||
pMap | 309 | 3951 | Tampere | Y | CNN | Accuracy = 94.13% | RSSI | ||||
[105] | 2019 | exp | 6 | 300 | 300 | N | MEA-BP | 0.72 | RSSI | ||
[67] | 2019 | exp | 50 | NULL | NULL | ELM | NULL | RSSI | |||
[61] | 2019 | exp | 256 | 74 | 1664 | Y | CNN | Accuracy = 95.4% in 4 m | RSSI | ||
[62] | 2019 | exp | 54 | 180 | 1209 | Y | RDF | Accuracy = 89% at room level | RSSI | ||
[64] | 2019 | exp | 256 | 74 | 300 | Y | CNN | 1.46 | Accuracy = 94% std = 2.24 m | RSSI |
art: Article; mAlg: Main algorithm used; est: Experimental or pMapulated study; sAlg: Other algorithms used in the study; AP: APs used; mError: Mean Error; rPoint: Reference Points used in offline phase; oError: Other metrics reported in the study; fMap: Size of experimental room or radio-map used; sType: Signal type used; fmRoom: Rooms used in exp/pMap.