Table 1.

Characteristics of study participants.

Parameter	Taita-Taveta	Kibera	Total (%)
n	326 (59%)	231 (41%)	557
Gender (n = 547)
Male	146 (46%)	115 (50%)	261 (48%)
Female	172 (54%)	114 (50%)	286 (52%)
Age (n= 546)
Mean (Standard deviation (SD))	26.8 (22.1)	16.2 (15.3)	22.4 (20.2)
Median (Interquartile range (IQR))	20.6 (39.5)	10.2 (24.4)	16.4 (33.6)
Range	6 months–85 years	2 months–77 years	2 months–85 years
Age Groups (n = 545)
0–5 years	69 (22%)	87 (39%)	156 (29%)
5–17 years	81 (25%)	45 (20%)	126 (23%)
18 years and above	169 (53%)	94 (41%)	263 (48%)
Education Level in adults (n = 245)
None	15 (10%)	0 (0%)	15 (6%)
Primary school	77 (50%)	27 (30%)	104 (42%)
Secondary school	29 (19%)	36 (40%)	65 (27%)
Tertiary level	34 (22%)	27 (30%)	61 (25%)
History of travel (n = 552)
Any travel outside the study area	54 (17%)	88 (38%)	142 (26%)
Travel to Nyanza or western Kenya	9 (3%)	56 (24%)	65 (12%)
Travel to coastal Kenya	37 (11%)	2 (1%)	39 (7%)
Contact with animals (n = 557)
Contact with goats	134 (41%)	25 (11%)	159 (29%)
Contact with cattle	96 (29%)	26 (11%)	122 (22%)
Contact with chicken	190 (58%)	43 (19%)	233 (42%)
Contact with cats	61 (19%)	87 (38%)	148 (27%)
Contact with rodents	217 (67%)	127 (55%)	344 (62%)
Contact with bats	94 (29%)	6 (3%)	100 (18%)
Signs and symptoms (n = 557)
Body Temperature in °C (Mean/SD)	38.8 (0.56)	38.4 (0.67)	38.6 (0.63)
Median duration of fever (range)	2 (1–7) days	2 (1–14)	2 (1–14) days
Joint pain	139 (43%)	70 (30%)	209 (38%)
Myalgia	123 (38%)	65 (28%)	188 (34%)
Headache	53 (16%)	108 (47%)	161 (29%)
Cough	44 (13%)	95 (41%)	139 (25%)
Vomiting	53 (16%)	68 (29%)	121 (22%)
Diarrhoea	29 (9%)	47 (20%)	76 (14%)
Rash	18 (6%)	16 (7%)	34 (6%)