Table 1.
Demographic variables
| % (n) | Mean (s.d.) | |
|---|---|---|
| Age, years | 40.29 (10.17) | |
| School education (highest degree) | ||
| High school diploma | 82.3 (42) | |
| Junior high school diploma | 17.6 (9) | |
| Work experience (highest degree) | ||
| University degree | 45.1 (23) | |
| Vocational training/apprenticeship | 31.4 (16) | |
| Trainee | 11.8 (6) | |
| None | 11.8 (6) | |
| Relationship status | ||
| Single | 51.0 (26) | |
| In partnership | 21.5 (11) | |
| Married | 19.6 (10) | |
| Divorced | 21.6 (11) | |
| Widowed | 2.0 (1) | |
| Lifetime traumatic experiences (ETI-TL) | ||
| Childhood sexual abusea | 84.3 (43) | |
| Violent attacka | 78.4 (40) | |
| Neglect | 68.6 (35) | |
| Severe illness | 60.8 (31) | |
| Sexual abuse in adulthooda | 52.9 (27) | |
| Death of close person | 49.0 (25) | |
| Accidental trauma | 43.1 (22) | |
| Torture | 17.6 (9) | |
| Natural disaster | 17.6 (9) | |
| Imprisonment | 11.8 (6) | |
| War combat | 3.9 (2) | |
| Age at onset of worst traumatic experience | 17.61 (12.37) | |
| Interpersonal childhood trauma (CTQ) | ||
| Childhood sexual abuse (≥ 8) | 72.5 (37) | 14.10 (7.25) |
| Childhood physical abuse (≥ 8) | 60.8 (31) | 11.12 (5.73) |
| Childhood emotional abuse (≥ 10) | 82.4 (42) | 19.06 (5.61) |
| Childhood emotional neglect (≥ 15) | 78.4 (40) | 18.56 (4.79) |
| Childhood physical neglect (≥ 8) | 76.5 (39) | 11.58 (4.70) |
| Above cut-off on any abuse subscale | 91.7 (44) | 2.29 (0.97) |
| Above cut-off on any neglect subscale | 91.7 (44) | 1.65 (0.64) |
| Above any cut-off (combined) | 95.8 (46) | 3.94 (1.39) |
| Traumatic memory for scriptb | ||
| Childhood trauma | 80.4 (41) | |
| Childhood sexual abuse | 54.9 (28) | |
| Childhood physical abuse | 11.8 (6) | |
| Childhood combined sexual and physical abuse | 9.8 (5) | |
| Other | 3.9 (2) | |
| Adult trauma | 19.6 (10) | |
| Adult sexual abuse | 5.9 (3) | |
| Adult physical abuse | 3.9 (2) | |
| Other | 5.9 (3) | |
| Comorbid diagnosis (SCID-I and -II) | ||
| Anxiety disorder | 80.4 (41) | |
| Affective disorders | 41.2 (21) | |
| Borderline personality disorder | 15.7 (8) | |
| Eating disorders | 9.8 (5) | |
| Obsessive–compulsive disorder | 6.0 (3) | |
| Substance misuse | 2.0 (1) | |
ETI-TL, Essen Trauma-Inventory – Trauma Checklist (multiple answers possible); CTQ, Childhood Trauma Questionnaire; SCID-I and -II, Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I and Axis II Disorders.
a.
Perpetrated by familiar person (e.g. family member), stranger or both.
b.
Defined as traumatic memory eliciting strongest intrusion symptoms at assessment.