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. 2022 Jun 15;27(12):3851. doi: 10.3390/molecules27123851

Figure 4.

Figure 4

Critical amino acid residues control the binding of the ADE antibody 1052 to variant spike proteins. (A) Binding of the 1052 antibody (ADE mAb) to the Wuhan spike protein (PDB: 7LAB) with the NTD and RBD indicated. In the left panel, the light and heavy chains of the antibody are represented in standard secondary structures (red, α-helix, blue, β-strand). H69 (in blue atomic spheres) and D215 (in yellow atomic spheres) are highlighted. In the right panel, a surface representation illustrates the geometric complementarity of the Delta spike protein-antibody complex bound to a cluster of gangliosides GM1 figuring a lipid raft on the plasma membrane of a host cell. Note that the 1052 antibody b simultaneously binds to the NTD of the spike protein and to the edge of the lipid raft. (B) Molecular modeling of the NTD of several SARS-CoV-2 variants showing different levels of surface exposure of H69 (in blue) and D215 (in yellow) amino acid residues.