Figure 3.

Cardiac adaptation associated with diets. (A) Absolute HW; (B) Relative HW normalized to BW; (C) HW normalized by TL; (A–C) n = 6 in LL; n = 8 in HH; and n = 8–13 in HC; (D) genes regulating extracellular matrix; (E) Genes associated with pathological cardiac hypertrophy; (D,E) n = 4–8 samples/group and fold changes relative to LL are shown. mRNA levels were normalized to B2M; (F) Bar graph represents the β-MyHC to α-MyHC ratio. n = 4–5/group with five technical replicates per animal; and (G) Representative gels showing myosin heavy chain (MyHC) isoforms in LV homogenates from LL, HH, and HC; HW, heart weight; BW, body weight; TL, tibial length; Col1a1, collagen type 1 alpha chain; Col3a1, collagen type III alpha 1 chain; Col8a1, collagen type VIII alpha 1 chain; Ccl2, C-C motif chemokine ligand 2; MyH, myosin heavy chain; Pln, phospholamban; Atp2a2, cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ ATPase 2a; Acta1, alpha-skeletal muscle actin; Nppa, atrial natriuretic peptide; Nppb, brain natriuretic peptide; LL, offspring born from maternal LFLS and postnatal LFLS indicated by closed circles (●); HH, maternal HFHS and postnatal HFHS indicated by closed squares (■); HC, maternal HFHS weaned onto a standard laboratory chow diet indicated by a closed triangle (▲). Values are presented as mean ± SEM. Statistical significance is calculated by one-way ANOVA with post hoc Fisher’s LSD comparisons. * p < 0.05; ** p < 0.01; ns, not significant.