Figure 13.

Cytotoxicity percentage of immortalized human keratinocytes (HaCaT), human amelanotic melanoma cells (A375), and human epidermoid carcinoma cells (A431) after treatment with wormwood leaves extract (WL_extract) and wormwood stems extract (WS_extract) and different Fe₂O₃ NPs obtained from these extracts (WL 1_Fe₂O₃ NPs; WL 2_Fe₂O₃ NPs, respectively WS 1_Fe₂O₃ NPs; WS 2_Fe₂O₃ NPs) at three different concentrations (150, 300, 500 µg/mL) for an interval of 72 h. The results represent the mean values of the cytotoxic rate of three separate experiments ± standard deviation (SD). One-way ANOVA analysis was applied to determine the statistical differences followed by Dunnett’s multiple comparisons test (* p < 0.1; ** p < 0.01; *** p < 0.001; **** p < 0.0001 versus control cells).