Table 1.

miRNAs with potential role in herpesvirus latency.

Role in Latency	Viral or Cellular miRNAs	Mature miRNAs	Targets (Viral or Host)	References
Repression of viral lytic genes	Viral	hsv1-miR-H2-3p hsv2-miR-H2-3p	ICP0 (viral)	[10,14,40]
		hsv1-miR-H3-3p hsv1-miR-H4-5p	ICP34.5 (viral)	[11,13,41]
		hsv1-miR-H6-3p	ICP4 (viral)	[11]
		hcmv-miR-UL112-3p	HCMV IE1 (viral)	[45,46]
		hhv6a-miR-U86	HHV6A IE2 (viral)	[31].
		ebv-miR-BART20-5p	EBV ZTA (viral)	[48]
			EBV RTA (viral)	[48]
		ebv-miR-BART2-5p	EBV BALF5 (viral)	[32,52]
		kshv-miR-K12-9-5p	KSHV ORF50 (viral)	[50]
		kshv-miR-K12-7-5p	KSHV ORF50 (viral)	[50,51].
		ebv-miR-BHRF1-3	EBV ZTA (viral)	[49]
	Cellular	hsa-miR-138-5p	HSV ICP0 (viral)	[59]
		hsa-miR-200 family	HCMV UL122 (viral)	[61]
Repression of cellular pathways important for viral replication	Viral	hcmv-miR-U148D	IER5 (host)	[53]
		ebv-miR-BART6-5p	DICER (host)	[54]
		ebv-miR-BART-18-5p	MAP3K2 (host)	[55]
		ebv-miR-BHRF1-2-5p	BCR (host)	[56]
		ebv-miR-BART2-5p	BCR (host)	[56]
		kshv-miR-K12-1-5p	IκBα (host)	[57]
		miR-K12-3-5p	nuclear factor I/B (host)	[58]
	Cellular	hsa-miR-138-5p	FOXC1 (host)	[60]
			OCT-1 (host)	[60]
		hsa-let-7a	DICER (host)	[64]
Modulation of apoptosis and cell proliferation	Viral	kshv-miR-K12-11-3p	N.D.	[70,71]
		ebv-miR-BART5-5p	PUMA (host)	[77]
		ebv-miR-BART20-5p	BAD (host)	[78,79]
		kshv-miR-K12-1-5p	Caspase 3 (host)	[80]
		kshv-miR-K12-3-5p	Caspase 3 (host)	[80]
		kshv-miR-K12-4-3p	Caspase 3 (host)	[80]
		kshv-miR-K12-10a-3p	TWEAKR (host)	[81]
		hcmv-miR-US5-1	FOXO3a (host)	[82]
		hcmv-miR-UL112-3p	FOXO3a (host)	[82]
		hcmv-miR-US5-2-5p	NAB1 (host)	[83]
		hcmv-miR-UL22A	SMAD3 (host)	[83]
		hcmv-miR-US25-1	RhoA (host)	[84]
	Cellular	hsa-miR-155-5p	LMP1 (viral)	[66]
			IKKε (host)	[68]
		hsa-miR-17-92 cluster	N.D.	[72]
Antagonism of innate and adaptive immunity	Viral	hcmv-miR-UL112-3p	MICB (host)	[85,86]
		kshv-miR-K12-7-3p	MICB (host)	[87]
		ebv-miR-BART-2-5p	MICB (host)	[87]
		hcmv-miR-UL148D	ACVR1B (host)	[88]
			RANTES (host)	[89]
		hcmv-UL112-3p hcmv-US5-1 hcmv-US5-2-5p	VAMP3 (host)	[90]
			RAB5C (host)
			RAB11A (host)
			SNAP23 (host)
			CDC42 (host)
		hcmv-miR-UL112-3p	TLR-2 (host)	[91]
		hcmv-miR-UL112-3p	IKKα (host) IKKβ (host)	[92]
		hcmv-miR-US5-1	IKKα (host) IKKβ (host)	[92]
		hcmv-miR-US33as-5p	IFNAR1 (host)	[93]
		ebv-miR-BART16	CBP (host)	[94]
		ebv-miR-BART6-3p	RIG-I (host)	[95]
		ebv-miR-BART15-3p	NLRP3 (host)	[96]
		kshv-miR-K12-4-3p	ICAM1 (host)	[97]
		kshv-miR-K12-10a-3p	ICAM1 (host)	[97]
		kshv-miR-K12-9-3p	IRAK1 (host)	[98]
		kshv-miR-K12-5-3p	MYD88 (host)	[98]
		kshv-miRK12-11-3p	IKKε (host)	[99]
Promotion of reactivation	Viral	hcmv-miR-US22-5p	EGR1 (host)	[29]
		hcmv-miR-US5-2-5p	GAB1 (host)	[104]
	Cellular	hsa-miR-200b-3p	ZEB1 (viral) ZEB2 (viral)	[105]
		hsa-miR-429	ZEB1(viral) ZEB2 (viral)	[105]

N.D. = not determined.