Table 1.

Search Queries.

Research Question	Queries Used in Medline	Queries Used in Web of Science
What are the current applications of IoT technology in image-guided surgery?	(image-guided surgery) and ((internet of things) or (internet))	(ALL = (image guided surgery) and (ALL = (internet of things) or ALL = (internet)))
What is the latest experience of telesurgery and surgical telementoring with regard to the IoT concept?	(telesurgery) and ((internet of things) or (internet)) + (telementoring) and (surgery) + (telesurgery)	(ALL = (telesurgery)) and ALL = (internet) + (ALL = (telementoring)) and ALL = (surgery) + ALL = (telesurgery)
How can the IoT network be utilized for patient monitoring outside the operating room?	((telemonitoring) and (surgery)) and (internet) + (surgery) and (internet of things)	((ALL = (telemonitoring)) and ALL = (surgery)) and ALL = (internet)
Supplemental Query for all Research Questions	(sensors) and (surgery) and ((internet) or (internet of things))	((ALL = (sensors)) and ALL = (surgery) and (ALL = (internet) or ALL = (Internet of Things)))
Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria
Inclusion Criteria	Articles that described clinical or feasibility studies of modalities incorporating the IoT framework. Articles that described a system in development, were able to demonstrate potential real-life application.
Exclusion Criteria	Case reports of previously known modalities. Literature reviews. Opinion or Editorial articles. Lack of clarity regarding the utilization of an internet-based network. Articles focusing on technical developments rather than surgery-oriented application potential. Unavailability of text. Articles solely in non-English languages. Articles from pre-print servers or online-only publication platforms.