Figure 1.

(a) 3D architecture of liver, liver lobule, and sinusoid structure; (b) conceptual schematic cross-section of an oLOC, showing a semipermeable membrane that has been folded, seeded on opposite sides with hepatocyte and endothelial cell monolayers, and capped with top and bottom plates to define upper and lower flow channels (vascular chambers) that mimic sinusoids and a central static chamber that contains hepatocyte monolayers on the upper and lower membrane surfaces; (c) schematic diagram of the implemented oLOC, showing membrane layers (black and white speckle), flowing medium pathways (red), static medium pathway (blue), hepatocytes (purple), endothelial cells (maroon), and how it simulates liver structure with functions of flow (red arrows) and transport via diffusion (white arrows).