Table 2. The association between bicarbonate concentration and outcomes.

	Incidence	Crude HR (95% CI)	p-value	Adjusted* HR (95% CI)	p-value
Primary outcome
Clinical worsening within 90 days, n (%) †
High	7/13 (54%)	2.98 (1.04 to 8.53)	0.042	3.02 (1.06 to 8.64)	0.04
Normal	7/30 (23%)	ref		ref
Low	11/17 (65%)	3.80 (1.46 to 9.89)	0.006	3.49 (1.33 to 9.12)	0.01
Secondary outcomes
Intubation within 90 days, n (%)
High	6/13 (46%)	6.10 (1.52 to 24.4)	0.011	6.25 (1.56 to 25.0)	0.01
Normal	3/30 (23%)	ref		ref
Low	6/17 (35%)	4.47 (1.11 to 18.0)	0.035	4.91 (1.22 to 19.8)	0.03
Death within 90 days, n (%)
High	4/13 (54%)	2.37 (0.63 to 8.89)	0.200	2.54 (0.68 to 9.49)	0.165
Normal	5/30 (17%)	ref		ref
Low	8/17 (47%)	4.01 (1.29 to 12.4)	0.016	3.38 (1.08 to 10.5)	0.035
Clinical worsening within 28 days, n (%)
High	7/13 (54%)	3.09 (1.08 to 8.84)	0.035	3.09 (1.08 to 8.81)	0.035
Normal	7/30 (23%)	ref		ref
Low	10/17 (59%)	3.54 (1.34 to 9.38)	0.011	3.29 (1.24 to 8.74)	0.017

HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval;

*Adjusted for treatment limitation.

^†Clinical worsening: Intubation or death for 90 days.