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. 2022 Jun 24;13:3606. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-31340-1

Fig. 3. The density of oncostreams positively correlates with tumor aggressiveness in human gliomas.

Fig. 3

A TCGA tumors were analyzed from different grade: GBM-Grade IV (100 tumors). LGG-Grade III (70 tumors) and LGG-Grade II (50 tumors). Pie charts show percentage of tumors displaying oncostreams in relation to tumor grade. Oncostreams are present in 47% of GBM grade IV tumors, 8.6 % of LGG grade III, and are absent from LGG grade II. B Manual identification of oncostreams in Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) images are shown for human gliomas with WHO grades IV (n = 109), III (n = 126), II (n = 61) from TCGA. C Deep learning analysis for human gliomas. Our algorithm was able to detect oncostreams in grade IV and III gliomas but not in grade II gliomas. D Angle histogram plots show the alignment of cells in H&E histology sections of Grade IV and Grade III gliomas’ oncostreams and random alignment in grade II glioma sections lacking oncostreams. Angle histograms correspond to the representative images. E, F Immuno-fluorescence staining of SOX2+ tumor cells (green), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP+) cells (red), and microglia/macrophage (IBA1+) cells (red) in high grade  human glioblastoma (GBM) WHO Grade IV, IDH-WT (n = 3) (E) and in low grade  glioma (LGG), WHO Grade III, IDH-mutant (n = 3) (F), showing oncostreams heterogeneity and cellular alignment of these cells in human high grade gliomas but not in low grade gliomas (arrows). Scale bars: 50 µm.