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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Jul 1.
Published in final edited form as: Am J Prev Med. 2022 Mar 28;63(1):33–42. doi: 10.1016/j.amepre.2022.01.027

Figure 1.

Figure 1.

Hazard ratios for cardiovascular disease, coronary heart disease, and stroke according to low-risk lifestyle factors.

Notes: Multivariable-adjusted hazard ratios adjusted for age; ethnicity; current multivitamin use; current aspirin use; family history of diabetes, myocardial infarction, or cancer; and menopausal status and hormone use (women only). Low-risk factors in the score included cigarette smoking (not smoking), physically active (≥3.5 hour/week of moderate to vigorous intensity activity), high diet quality (top 40% of AHEI), moderate alcohol intake of 5 to 14.9 g/day (women) or 5 to 30 g/day (men), normal weight (BMI, 18.5–24.9 kg/m2), and sleep duration (≥6 to <8 hours/day) (Score ranging from 0 to 6).

CVD, cardiovascular disease; CHD, coronary heart disease; NHS, Nurses’ Health Study; HPFS, Health Professionals Follow-up Study.