Table 1.
Descriptive statistics for exposures, confounders, and outcome.
| Exposures | Analyzed Dataset (n = 1,265; N = 484) |
|---|---|
| PM2.5 (μg/m3), Mean ± Standard Deviation (SD) | |
| Daily average | 20.7 ± 9.2 |
| 3-month average | 20.6 ± 4.2 |
| 6-month average | 20.9 ± 3.0 |
| 12-month average | 20.7 ± 1.8 |
| Ambient temperature (°C), Mean ± SD | |
| Daily average | 15.6 ± 2.5 |
| 3-month average | 15.7 ± 1.9 |
| 6-month average | 15.6 ± 1.7 |
| 12-month average | 15.3 ± 1.4 |
| Population characteristics | |
| Age (years), Mean ± SD | 27.8 ± 5.7 |
| Fasting glucose level (mg/dL), Mean ± SD | 91.9 ± 21.3 |
| HbA1c (%), Mean ± SD | 5.5 ± 0.8 |
| BMI, Mean ± SD | 28.2 ± 5.2 |
| Ever Smoker, % (n) | |
| Yes | 62.6 (792) |
| No | 37.4 (473) |
| Marital Status, % (n) | |
| Married/Life-time partner | 81.3 (1,029) |
| Single/Separated | 18.7 (236) |
| Alcohol consumption, % (n) | |
| Once or twice a week/Once a month | 13.8 (175) |
| Less than once a month but at least once a year | 53.8 (680) |
| Has never drank alcohol | 32.4 (410) |
| Highest school level, % (n) | |
| Middle school or less/Don’t know | 40.7 (515) |
| Technical post-middle/high school and high school | 42.1 (533) |
| College or graduate | 17.2 (217) |
a
n refers to the number of HbA1c measurements, while N refers to the number of women.