Table 2.

Development of key health care data standards for people with multiple chronic conditions.

Organization	Project	Time frame	Description	Intended users	Fields/domains	Standards	Outputs
Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services	Data Element Library	2018-present	Centralized resource for Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services assessment instrument data elements (eg, questions and responses) and their associated health information technology standards.	Inpatient rehabilitation facilities, home health agencies, long-term care hospitals, skilled nursing facilities, hospice care, home and community-based services	IRFa Patient Assessment Instrument, Outcome and Assessment Information Set; LTCHb Continuity Assessment Record and Evaluation Data Set; SNFc Minimum Data Set; Hospice Item Set; Functional Assessment Standardized Items	Clinical terminology	Standardized data elements relevant to postacute care
Social Interventions Research and Evaluation Network	Gravity Project	2019-present	Develop structured data standards to reduce barriers to documentation and exchange of social determinants of health data, including social risks and protective factors	Health care	Food insecurity, housing instability and homelessness, inadequate housing, transportation access; additional domains to be determined	FHIRd; clinical terminology	Social determinants of health FHIR implementation guide
Center for Medicare and Medicaid Services and The Alliance to Modernize Healthcare	Post-Acute Care Interoperability Project	2019-present	Advance interoperable health data exchange between postacute care and other providers, patients, and key stakeholders across health care.	Postacute care, long-term care hospitals, home health agencies, skilled nursing facilities, inpatient rehabilitation facilities	Cognitive status; functional status; additional domains to be determined	FHIR; clinical terminology	Cognitive status, FHIR implementation guide, functional status FHIR implementation guide

^aIRF: Inpatient Rehabilitation Facility

^bLTCH: Long-Term Care Hospital

^cSNF: Skilled Nursing Facility

^dFHIR: Fast Healthcare Interoperability Resources