Table 2.
Risk factors of physical functioning trajectories for individuals with MCI (relative risk ratios and 95% confidence interval)
| Group 2 High–medium start, moderate decrease |
Group 3 Medium start, moderate decrease |
Group 4 Medium–low start, moderate decrease |
Group 5 Low start, slight decrease |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Female | 1.45 | 1.82 | 2.94** | 5.04** |
| (0.71, 2.96) | (0.86, 3.86) | (1.30, 6.63) | (1.94, 13.09) | |
| Age | 0.56 | 0.89 | 0.32 | 0.73 |
| (0.15, 2.08) | (0.23, 3.51) | (0.08, 1.28) | (0.16, 3.31) | |
| Age squared | 1.00 | 1.00 | 1.01 | 1.00 |
| (1.00, 1.01) | (0.99, 1.01) | (1.00, 1.02) | (0.99, 1.01) | |
| Race/ethnicity (Ref. White) | ||||
| Black | 2.77* | 2.45* | 3.47** | 4.29** |
| (1.21, 6.35) | (1.03, 5.85) | (1.37, 8.79) | (1.50, 12.25) | |
| Other | 0.70 | 0.30 | 0.56 | 0.43 |
| (0.21, 2.35) | (0.07, 1.31) | (0.12, 2.63) | (0.06, 2.94) | |
| Hispanic | 2.23 | 2.24 | 1.40 | 1.56 |
| (0.71, 7.06) | (0.67, 7.46) | (0.35, 5.55) | (0.33, 7.42) | |
| Educational attainment (Ref. < High school) | ||||
| High school | 1.19 | 0.84 | 0.69 | 0.78 |
| (0.48, 2.93) | (0.33, 2.16) | (0.25, 1.85) | (0.26, 2.38) | |
| >High school | 0.42* | 0.42* | 0.22** | 0.45 |
| (0.18, 0.94) | (0.18, 0.98) | (0.09, 0.55) | (0.16, 1.27) | |
| # Siblings (Ref. 0) | ||||
| 1–3 | 0.79 | 0.83 | 0.85 | 0.59 |
| (0.31, 1.99) | (0.32, 2.16) | (0.31, 2.33) | (0.20, 1.74) | |
| 4+ | 0.67 | 0.48 | 0.54 | 0.39 |
| (0.24, 1.84) | (0.16, 1.40) | (0.17, 1.70) | (0.11, 1.35) | |
| # Children (Ref. 0) | ||||
| 1–3 | 1.11 | 0.97 | 0.96 | 1.32 |
| (0.37, 3.34) | (0.30, 3.12) | (0.27, 3.39) | (0.31, 5.55) | |
| 4+ | 1.18 | 1.02 | 0.80 | 1.55 |
| (0.35, 3.95) | (0.29, 3.62) | (0.20, 3.16) | (0.33, 7.22) | |
| Medicare drug coverage | 0.68 | 0.73 | 0.53 | 0.63 |
| (0.34, 1.37) | (0.35, 1.52) | (0.24, 1.16) | (0.25, 1.61) | |
| Medicaid | 0.69 | 1.16 | 0.87 | 1.97 |
| (0.32, 1.53) | (0.51, 2.67) | (0.35, 2.15) | (0.73, 5.35) | |
| Tricare | 0.57 | 0.46 | 0.80 | 0.51 |
| (0.20, 1.63) | (0.14, 1.47) | (0.24, 2.73) | (0.10, 2.45) | |
| Comorbidity (Ref. 0) | ||||
| 1–3 | 1.35 | 2.26 | 1.99 | 2.20 |
| (0.54, 3.37) | (0.78, 6.53) | (0.58, 6.79) | (0.40, 11.95) | |
| 4+ | 2.10 | 6.84** | 10.87** | 11.67* |
| (0.64, 6.94) | (1.86, 25.15) | (2.59, 45.61) | (1.81, 75.12) | |
| Marital status (Ref. Never married) | ||||
| Married/live with a partner | 1.23 | 0.87 | 1.03 | 0.42 |
| (0.26, 5.69) | (0.18, 4.26) | (0.18, 5.77) | (0.07, 2.49) | |
| Separated, divorced, widowed | 1.62 | 1.36 | 1.40 | 0.57 |
| (0.34, 7.66) | (0.28, 6.71) | (0.25, 7.84) | (0.10, 3.24) | |
| Smoking regularly | 1.53 | 1.35 | 1.90 | 1.85 |
| (0.76, 3.07) | (0.64, 2.87) | (0.85, 4.24) | (0.76, 4.49) | |
Note: *P < 0.05; **P < 0.01; ***P < 0.001. N = 661. Reference group is Group 1 (High start, slight decrease).