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. 2022 Jun 25;13:3647. doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-31402-4

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© This is a U.S. Government work and not under copyright protection in the US; foreign copyright protection may apply 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — We constructed a 1:1 matched cohort by matching veterans infected during the Omicron variant period with veterans infected during the Delta variant period using random coarsened exact matching. Individuals were matched on age, sex, race, vaccination status at the time of infection, second vaccine dose administration date, Charlson Comorbidity Index, area deprivation score (as a marker of socioeconomic status), and VA medical center to account for local differences in SARS-CoV-2 transmission, testing, and hospital admission practices.