Table 1.
Overview of the characteristics of the included studies
| Author | Year | Country | Study type | Number of participants | Professions | Target dementia population | Services |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Berdai Chaouni et al. [37] | 2019 | Belgium | Qualitative | n = 13 | Psychologists, neurologists, general practitioners, intercultural mediators, head nurses of geriatric/dementia department, nurse s& social nurses, rheumatologists/revalidation doctors | People with dementia with a Moroccan migrant background | 3 |
| Bisset et al. [25] | 1996 | UK/Scotland |
Quantitative descriptive study |
n = 241 | General practitioners | People with dementia living in the community | 1, 3 |
| Blix et al. [28] | 2017 | Norway | Qualitative | n = 18 | Registered nurses, licensed practical nurses | Indigenous people of Scandinavia with dementia | Various |
| Bourqe & Foley [26] | 2020 | Ireland | Qualitative | n = 12 | General practitioners | People with dementia, not specified | 1 |
| Bowes et al. [34] | 2003 | United Kingdom | Qualitative | n = 11 | General practitioners, community psychiatric nurses, consultants, National Health Service (NHS) ethnic minority health projects, voluntary sector providers of services for older people and people with mental health problems from minority ethnic groups | Asian people with dementia living in Scotland | 1, 3, 8 |
| Brijnath et al. [41] | 2021 | Australia | Qualitative | n = 27 | Service providers in social and clinical care | People with dementia of minority ethnic groups in urban areas in Australia | Various |
| Broda et al. [31] | 2017 | Germany, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Sweden, United Kingdom | Qualitative | n = 38 | Policy makers (elected), representatives of ministries or governmental departments in permanent positions, representatives of relevant non-governmental organisations, Alzheimer societies or umbrella organizations providing formal dementia care | People with dementia, not specified | 1–6, 10 |
| Cheung et al. [38] | 2019 | New Zealand | Qualitative | n = 11 | Nurses, social workers, occupational therapists, community support workers, community advisors | Asian people with dementia living in New Zealand | Various |
| Constantinescu et al. [21] | 2018 | Canada | Qualitative | n = 16 | Family physicians | People with dementia living in rural communities | 1 |
| Cording et al. [22] | 2017 | Germany | Quantitative | n = 177 | General practitioners and different specialists | People with dementia living in the community | 1 |
| Dal Bello-Haasm et al. [33] | 2014 | Canada | Mixed methods | n = 16 | Healthcare providers, physicians, non-physicians, family physicians | People with dementia living in rural areas | 1–4, 8, 10 |
| Franz et al. [18] | 2010 | USA | Qualitative | n = 40 | Primary care physicians | Primarily managed care around a large urban city | 1, 2 |
| Giezendanner et al. [23] | 2018 | Switzerland | Quantitative | n = 882 | General practitioners | People with dementia, not specified | 1 |
| Gulestø et al. [42] | 2020 | Norway | Qualitative | n = 13 | Registered nurses, qualified nursing assistants, occupational therapists | Family carers from minority ethnic groups caring for people with dementia in Norwegian communities | 3 |
| Hansen et al. [27] | 2017 | Norway | Qualitative | n = 24 | Registered nurses, assistant nurses | People with dementia, not specified | 1 |
| Haralambous et al. [36] | 2014 | Australia | Qualitative | n = 55 | General practitioners, geriatricians, psychiatrists, practice nurses, herbalists, residential aged care staff (physiotherapist, nurses and personal care attendants), pharmacists, community workers | Asian people with dementia living in Australia | 1–4, 6, 8, 10 |
| Hinton et al. [17] | 2007 | USA | Qualitative | n = 40 | Primary care physicians | People with dementia, not specified | 1–5, 7, 9 |
| Hum et al. [24] | 2014 | Canada | Qualitative | n = 12 | Family physicians, a neurologist, geriatricians, and geriatric psychiatrists | People with dementia living in the community | 1 |
| Jansen et al. [32] | 2009 | Canada | Qualitative | n = 44 | Home care nurses, home care aides, therapists, administrators, care coordinators | People with dementia living in rural and urban areas | 1–8 |
| Kosteniuk et al. [16] | 2014 | Canada | Qualitative | n = 15 | Family physicians | People with dementia living in the rural areas | 1, 3, 5 |
|
Lange et al [43] |
2018 | Netherlands | Qualitative | n = 146 | Case managers, general practitioners, general practice nurses, neurologists, geriatricians, nurses, nursing assistants, project-leaders, psychologists, managers, lobbyists, welfare policymakers | People with dementia, not specified | 3 |
| Nielsen et al. [30] | 2019 | Denmark | Quantitative descriptive study | n = 47 | Primary care dementia coordinators | People with dementia of minority ethnic groups in Denmark | 5 |
| O’Connor et al. [29] | 2020 | Australia | Qualitative | n = 2 | Aged and community-care providers | People with dementia, not specified | 1, 3, 5 |
| Stephan et al. [35] | 2015 | Germany | Qualitative | n = 6 | Nurses, social workers, geriatricians, psychologists, members of a municipality | People with dementia, not specified | 3–7 |
| Stephan et al. [6]c | 2018 | Germany, Ireland, Italy, Netherlands, Norway, Portugal, Sweden, the United Kingdom | Qualitative | n = 144 | Registered, assistant and community mental health nurses, social workers, general practitioners, other specialist physicians, psychologists, counsellors’ educators, case managers | People with dementia, not specified | 1, 3–7 |
| Stolee et al. [40] | 2021 | Canada | Mixed methods | n = 33 |
Health care providers, health care administrators, Represent several sectors (family health teams, behavioural health services, long-term care, memory clinics, the SW LHIN, and several community-based organizations) and policy makers |
People with dementia and their care partners in rural communities | Various |
| Werner [19] | 2007 | Israel | Quantitative descriptive study | n = 395 | Family physicians | People with dementia, not specified | Various |
| Williams [20] | 2000 | United Kingdom | Mixed methods | n = 118 | General practitioners | People with dementia, not specified | 1–5 |
| Wyman [39] | 2021 | USA | Quantitative descriptive study | n = 65 | Social workers, nurses, psychologists, clinical pharmacists, peer supporters, psychiatrists, physicians and other professionals (not specified) | People with dementia, not specified | 1 |
Formal care and support services: 1 Diagnostic and treatment, 2 Counselling, education, information, 3 Specialized dementia care, 4 Domestic support, 5 Coordinated care, 6 Inpatient care, 7 Semi-inpatient care, 8 Culturally sensitive services, 9 Self-help offerings, 10 Public education