Chittenden 1997.
| Methods | Randomized controlled trial | |
| Participants | Inclusion criterion: patient listed for cataract surgery Exclusion criterion: not stated Study participants: 35 were enrolled with operation on a single eye Study demographics: none stated | |
| Interventions |
Treatment group: Topical anaesthesia was provided by 0.4% oxybuprocaine hydrochloride (Benoxinate), instilled onto the cornea and the conjunctiva (n = 16)
Control group: For sub‐Tenon’s technique, Benoxinate drops were instilled as for topical anaesthesia. A small subconjunctival injection of 2% lignocaine with 1:200,000 adrenaline was then given in the inferior nasal quadrant approximately 5 mm from the limbus, to raise a small bleb, and a small incision was made in the conjunctiva with
Wescott spring scissors, which then were used to bluntly dissect deep to Tenon’s capsule to bare the sclera. A blunt 19‐gauge curved cannula was then used to deliver approximately 2 to 3 mL of 2% lignocaine with 1:200,000 adrenaline to the posterior sub‐Tenon’s potential space (n = 19) A superior rectus fixation suture was used in the sub‐Tenon’s group but not in the topical group. The operative technique for both groups was otherwise identical and was performed by 1 surgeon |
|
| Outcomes | Pain felt intraoperatively (median VAS scores taken as P value) | |
| Notes | No pre‐medication was used, and no sedation or other analgesia was required during surgery Complications were not reported |
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| Risk of bias | ||
| Bias | Authors' judgement | Support for judgement |
| Random sequence generation (selection bias) | Unclear risk | "allocated randomly"; no details |
| Allocation concealment (selection bias) | Unclear risk | Not mentioned |
| Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes | High risk | Not blinded |
| Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes | Unclear risk | Pain assessor blinded to participant group: not stated |
| Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes | Low risk | No participants excluded |
| Selective reporting (reporting bias) | Low risk | No cross‐over mentioned |
| Other bias | Unclear risk | Characteristics of participants not provided |