Table 1.
Baseline characteristics and comparisons between non-withdrawal and withdrawal groups.
| All patients on RAASi (n=847) | Non-withdrawal (n=411) | Withdrawal (n=436) | p value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 75.7±12.6 | 75.1±12.7 | 76.2±12.4 | 0.206 |
| Male sex | 505 (59.6%) | 239 (58.2%) | 266 (61.0%) | 0.397 |
| Hypertension | 793 (93.6%) | 386 (93.9%) | 407 (93.4%) | 0.638 |
| Diabetes | 282 (33.3%) | 130 (31.6%) | 152 (34.9%) | 0.583 |
| Dyslipidemia | 512 (60.5%) | 252 (61.3%) | 260 (59.6%) | 0.842 |
| CHD | 130 (15.4%) | 61 (14.8%) | 69 (15.8%) | 0.693 |
| HF | 97 (11.5%) | 52 (12.7%) | 45 (10.3%) | 0.287 |
| TIA/Stroke | 99 (11.7%) | 50 (12.2%) | 49 (11.2%) | 0.681 |
| CKD | 112 (13.2%) | 52 (12.7%) | 60 (13.8%) | 0.634 |
| PAD | 107 (12.6%) | 44 (10.7%) | 63 (14.5%) | 0.153 |
| SBP (mmHg) at admission | 132.8±24.0 | 136. 8±24.3 | 129.0±23.0 | <0.001 |
| SatO2 (%) at admission | 90.5±6.9 | 90.8±6.5 | 90.3±7.2 | 0.218 |
| CRP (max) | 154.4±106.1 | 152.1±103.1 | 156.7±109.0 | 0.545 |
| Fibrinogen (max) | 884.6±256.9 | 891.8±252.1 | 877.8±261.5 | 0.436 |
| Prothrombin act. (min) | 75.8±25.3 | 76.3±25.5 | 75.2±25.1 | 0.544 |
| D-Dimer (max) | 10 246±31 952 | 9034±29 680 | 11 602±34 315 | 0.316 |
| hs-TnI (max) | 711.6±8218.4 | 1095.3±11244.6 | 279.9±1176.2 | 0.3872 |
| NT-proBNP (max) | 6125±14 656 | 6008±12 850 | 6277±16 809 | 0.9065 |
| Hydroxychloroquine | 767 (90.6%) | 393 (95.6%) | 374 (85.8%) | <0.001 |
| Lopinavir/Ritonavir | 114 (13.5%) | 31 (7.5%) | 83 (19.0%) | <0.001 |
| Azithromycin | 470 (55.5%) | 249 (60.6%) | 221 (50.7%) | 0.004 |
| Corticosteroids | 190 (2.4%) | 94 (22.9%) | 96 (2.0%) | 0.766 |
| Severe bleeding | 9 (1.1%) | 4 (1.0%) | 5 (1.2%) | 1.000 |
| Thrombotic event | 33 (3.9%) | 16 (3.9%) | 17 (3.9%) | 0.996 |
| Arrhythmias | 57 (6.7%) | 23 (5.6%) | 34 (7.8%) | 0.201 |
| Critical care | 71 (8.4%) | 25 (6.1%) | 46 (10.6%) | 0.016 |
| Death | 311 (36.7%) | 118 (28.7%) | 193 (44.3%) | <0.001 |
ACEi: angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors; ARB: angiotensin receptor blockers; CHD: coronary heart disease; CKD: chronic kidney disease; CRP: C-reactive protein; HF: heart failure; MRA: mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists; PAD: peripheral artery disease; TIA: transient ischemic attack.