Fig. 5.

Female-Male headed household differences in changes in food insecurity. Note: This figure reports coefficients and 95% confidence intervals when estimating differences between female-headed and male-headed households before and during the pandemic. When the coefficient is positive, this implies that female-headed households experienced a larger increase in the given measure of food insecurity since before the pandemic, relative to male-headed households. When the coefficient estimate is negative, the implies that male-headed households experienced a larger increase in food insecurity. This analysis uses FIES data from before and after the COVID-19 outbreak.