Ranchet 1990.

Methods	RCT. Publication is in Italian and the report has been translated. Location of trial is still unclear.
Participants	66 pregnant women between the age of 19 and 36, both primipara and multipara, with at least 1 symptom of gravidic pyrosis. Degree of heartburn of women was not stated at the study entry. Exclusion criteria not stated.
Interventions	Intervention group: sucralfate 1 g, 3 times daily. N = 42. Comparison group: advice on dietary and lifestyle choices. N = 24. Follow‐up recorded at 15 and at 30 days.
Outcomes	Symptom relief of heartburn and acid regurgitations, epigastric pain, sialorrhoea, remission of symptoms, side effects.
Notes
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	No information on how randomisation was carried out. Study described as randomised.
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Not reported.
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	High risk	Study described as single‐blind.
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	Not reported.
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Unclear risk	No dropouts or withdrawals reported. Denominators suggest missing data for the outcome of total remission of heartburn (1 active, 3 no treatment).
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Low risk	Relevant outcomes seem to be reported.
Other bias	Unclear risk	Randomised treatment groups are unequal in size.