Figure 3.

Changes in neuronal synchrony coincide with the loss and recovery of consciousness

(A–H) Transition to (A–D) and from (E–H) anesthesia in Rbp4-Cre mice, injected with PHP.eB AAV-CAG-FLEX-GCaMP7s.

(A and E) Neuronal synchrony in posterior cortex. Upper: anesthesia protocol. Middle: neuronal synchrony in 15 s-rolling window. Lower: probability that neuronal synchrony in each window is sampled from awake (P(awake): awake-probability curve; blue line) or Iso (P(iso): anesthetized-probability curve; red line) distributions from Figure 1D. Blue shading when blue line is higher than red line; red shading when red line is higher than blue line (also applied to middle). Gray bar: crossing of P(awake) and P(iso). n = cells in 8 mice (A) and 6 mice (E). See Figure S4.

(B and F) Behavioral imaging with infrared camera. Fraction of mice remaining at each time point following induction (B) or termination (E) of Iso, as assessed by motor behaviors. Dashed lines: 25 and 75 percentiles (time marked by gray lines). Arrow marks time when 25%–75% of mice terminated (B) or initiated (F) movements. See Figure S5.

(C and G) Upper: θ-δ ratio after induction (C) or termination (G) of Iso, in 15-s windows. Lower: probability that θ-δ ratio in each window is sampled from awake (P(awake): awake-probability curve; blue line) or Iso (P(iso): anesthetized-probability curve; red line) distributions from Figure 1B. Shading color and gray bar as in (A) and (E).

(D and H) Transition times of neuronal synchrony for posterior and anterior cortex (A, E, and Figure S4), motor behaviors (B) and (F) and EEG spectral power (C) and (G). (A, E, C, and G) Line: median; shading: 25 percentile–75 percentile. (C, D, G, and H) M = mice.