Figure 4.

Neurons in cortical layers 1, 2/3, 4, and 6 and cortical inhibitory neurons do not show higher neuronal synchrony across all anesthetics

(A) Mice injected with PHP.eB AAV-CAG-FLEX-GCaMP7s were imaged in darkness.

(B–F) Left: schematic. Middle: example activity (grayscale). Right: filled circles: neuronal synchrony for each cell; solid line: median; shading: distribution; dashed line: awake median. Wilcoxon rank-sum (p < 0.003, prior to Bonferroni correction for 18 comparisons, to include L5). See Figure S7. (B) L1: Gad2-Cre. (C) L2/3: Cux2-Cre. (D) L4: Scnn1-Cre. (E) L6: Ntsr-Cre. (F) Cortical inhibitory neurons: Gad2-Cre.

(G) Change in mean population entropy, per unit time (L5: Figure 1D). Line: median; box: 25 percentile–75 percentile; black: significant change. See Figure S9. Wilcoxon rank-sum (p < 0.05, prior to Bonferroni correction for 12 comparisons) (bold: significant; italic: not significant).

(H) Change in average spontaneous activity per neuron (L5: Figure 1D). Line: median; box: 25 percentile–75 percentile; black: significant increase; gray: significant decrease. See Figure S10. Wilcoxon rank-sum (p < 0.003, prior to Bonferroni correction for 18 comparisons) (bold: significant; italic: not significant).

(I) Standardized distances of neuronal synchrony and average spontaneous activity between each anesthetic and awake. Standardized distances, measured from Monte Carlo samples from the combined distribution of each anesthetized condition and awake, are standard deviations above the mean (Z score). See Figure S8. (B–F) n = neurons from L1: 6 mice; L2/3: 6 mice; L4: 6 mice; L6: 5 mice (awake) and 4 mice (each anesthetic); cortical inhibitory neurons: 5 mice. See Figure S6.