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. 2022 May 18;13(6):e00499. doi: 10.14309/ctg.0000000000000499

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© 2022 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. on behalf of The American College of Gastroenterology

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License 4.0 (CCBY), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Figure 5. — Gap between colorectal cancer methylation marker research and clinical implementation. (a) The clinical translation rate of DNA methylation markers for early diagnosis of CRC (0.8%) was calculated by comparing the number of commercially available biomarkers with the total number of published biomarkers (from 1985 to 2020). (b) Four stages of waste in the development and reporting of DNA methylation marker research in CRC relevant to clinicians and patients (adapted from avoidable waste in the production and reporting of research evidence. Chalmers et al. Lancet 2009). CRC, colorectal cancer.