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. 2022 May 5;133(1):41–59. doi: 10.1152/japplphysiol.00088.2022

Table 2.

A selection of rat hindlimb muscles and a range of parameters used in electroporation studies for gene delivery

Rat Skeletal Muscle
Tibialis Anterior EDL Soleus
Hyaluronidase (Optional) 0.4 U/µL (60 µL) 45–120 U
Surgery Optional—small incision or blind injection Yes Small incision—lateral side
Plasmid volume 20–200 µg
(30–50 µL or 2 µg/µL)		 5 µg (10 µL) 10–50 µg
(50 µL)
Injection number 1–6 1 1
Syringe needle 28-G, 29-G 28-G 28-G
Pulses 5–10 5 5–6
Voltage, V/cm

  1. HVLV pulse combination: 800–900 V/cm pulse (100 µs), 80 V/cm × 4 pulse

  2. LV pulse: 175–200 V/cm, 8–10 pulses

 HVLV pulse combination: 1,000 V/cm pulse (100 µs), 100 V/cm × 4 pulse 125–209 V/cm
Pulse width, ms 40–100 400 20
Electrode type 10-mm plate or needle Plate Plate
Reference (70, 72–75, 78, 80–83, 94) (95, 96) (97–103)

EDL, extensor digitorum longus; HVLV, high voltage and low voltage pulses combined; LV, low voltage.