Figure. 3.

Kidney injury biomarker panel: [insulin-like growth factor-binding protein 7 (IGFBP7) · tissue inhibitor metalloproteinase 2 (TIMP-2)] (A) and urine IGFBP7 (B), TIMP-2 (C), neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL, D), and kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1, E). Left: urinary biomarkers normalized to urine flow rate presented as individual values for the 34°C trial (blue lines) and the 31°C trial (red lines). Values are presented at preexposure (Pre; 31°C: n = 15, 34°C: n = 15), 4 h (31°C: n = 15, 34°C: n = 14), and 8 h (31°C: n = 14, 34 °C: n = 13). y-Axes for each trial are different to enhance clarity. All statistical inference was completed after data were log transformed and analyzed with a repeated-measures linear mixed model (time × trial). The linear mixed model table is shown. If a significant interaction or main effect was found, post hoc multiple comparisons were completed with Šídák’s tests. Right: the mean difference between 31°C and 34°C ± 95% confidence interval (CI). *Different from Pre (P < 0.05); ‡different from 4 h (P < 0.05); †different from 31°C (P < 0.05).