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. 2022 Jun 27;18(7):774–781. doi: 10.1038/s41589-022-01054-y

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© The Author(s) 2022

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Extended Data Fig. 7 — a, Canonical cholesterol biosynthetic pathway of animals including sea urchins and sea stars. b, Sea star and sea cucumber specific biosynthetic pathway of Δ7 sterols, lathosterol (7), avenasterol (21) and episterol (22). Sea stars make lathosterol (7) from cholesterol (5) that is made de novo whereas sea cucumbers make lathosterol (7) through diet derived cholesterol (5) or other Δ5 sterols. c, Neighbor-joining tree of C7Ds (cholesterol 7-desaturse) hits from echinoderms and other functionally characterized sequences. Sequence names are uniprot sequence identifiers. d, Sequence alignment of C7D/DAF36 active site motifs of echinoderm as well as other functionally characterized sequences. Residue positions marked with red arrows are part of the Rieske motif which co-ordinates iron and sulfur required in cholesterol 7-desaturation.