Table 2.
Demographic statistics and imaging-based quantifiers of NC and AD cohorts.
| NC | AD | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables | (n = 160) | (n = 80) | p value | |
| Age | Mean (SD) | 74.18 (5.45) | 74.71 (7.75) | 0.539 |
| Years of education | Mean (SD) | 15.75 (2.42) | 15.54 (2.58) | 0.531 |
| Gender (Female) | N (%) | 73 (45.63) | 35 (43.75) | 0.783 |
| MMSE | Mean (SD) | 28.86 (1.28) | 22.93 (2.92) | <0.001 |
| ADAS | Mean (SD) | 13.37 (4.53) | 31.70 (7.70) | <0.001 |
| History of diseases | ||||
| Hypertension | N (%) | 67 (41.88) | 34 (42.50) | 0.926 |
| Diabetes | N (%) | 16 (10.00) | 7 (8.75) | 0.756 |
| Hyperlipidemia | N (%) | 84 (52.50) | 50 (62.50) | 0.141 |
| Visual ratings | ||||
| PVWMHs | Mean (SD) | 1.20 (0.61) | 1.43 (0.60) | 0.005 |
| DWMHs | Mean (SD) | 0.78 (0.81) | 0.92 (0.81) | 0.175 |
| CHIPS | Mean (SD) | 25.44 (11.70) | 31.23 (8.16) | <0.001 |
| Quantitative imaging tests | ||||
| QMTA | Mean (SD) | 0.41 (0.15) | 0.77 (0.38) | <0.001 |
| DWMHr | Mean (SD) | 0.08 (0.09) | 0.08 (0.07) | 0.074 |
| PVWMHr | Mean (SD) | 0.29 (0.35) | 0.57 (0.52) | <0.001 |
| WMHr | Mean (SD) | 0.37 (0.41) | 0.65 (0.54) | <0.001 |
NC, normal cognitively; AD, Alzheimer's Disease; ICV, intracranial volume MMSE, mini-mental state examination; ADAS, Alzheimer's disease assessment scale; WMHs, white matter hyperintensities; DWMHs, deep WMHs; PVWMHs, periventricular WMHs; CHIPS, the Cholinergic Pathways Hyperintensities Scale; DWMHr, quantitative DWMH ratio; PVWMHr, quantitative PVWMH ratio; WMHr, quantitative WMH ratio; QMTA, quantitative medial temporal atrophy. *The p-values were obtained using the independent t-test (age and years of education) or χ2 (gender, hypertension, diabetes, and hyperlipidemia) test or Mann–Whitney U test (other variables).