TABLE 6.
Measures related to muscular strength of lower extremities during the prehabilitation- and post-operative period.
| One-way ANOVA/rANOVA (p/η2 p) | ||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| CON (N = 10) | BFR (N = 10) | AC (N = 10) | Time | Group | Time x group | |||||||
| CON | BFR | AC | Baseline | 3w-Prehab | Pre-OP | 3m-Post-OP | 6m-Post-OP | |||||
| Leg extension OP (kg) | ||||||||||||
| Baseline | 20.3 (8.1) | 13.8 (9.1) | 11.8 (7.8) | 0.001/0.591 | <0.001/0.863 | 0.014/0.392 | 0.077/0.173 | 0.230/0.103 | 0.003/0.351 | 0.033/0.223 | 0.002/0.364 | <0.001/0.614 |
| 3w-Prehab | 20.3 (7.1) | 21.9 (9.1)a | 15.3 (9.8)a | |||||||||
| Pre-OP | 20.3 (7.1)f | 31.5 (10.4) ab | 16.0 (10.2)af | |||||||||
| 3m-Post-OP | 15.0 (6.3) abc | 22.1 (10.4) ac | 11.1 (9.5)f | |||||||||
| 6m-Post-OP | 18.5 (7.0)df | 30.8 (11.1) abd | 15.3 (9.4)df | |||||||||
| Leg extension NonOP (kg) | ||||||||||||
| Leg extension NonOP (kg) | 0.018/0.404 | <0.001/0.851 | 0.003/0.503 | 0.026/0.237 | 0.021/0.250 | 0.003/0.348 | 0.002/0.379 | 0.000/0.445 | <0.001/0.587 | |||
| Baseline | 28.3 (10.4) | 24.3 (7.3) | 17.5 (7.1)e | |||||||||
| 3w-Prehab | 28.5 (10.5) | 31.8 (7.6)a | 20.3 (8.1)af | |||||||||
| Pre-OP | 28.3 (10.7)f | 38.4 (9.7) ab | 22.0 (8.7)af | |||||||||
| 3m-Post-OP | 22.5 (8.6) abcf | 34.1 (8.5)a | 18.8 (9.2)cf | |||||||||
| 6m-Post-OP | 27.0 (9.5)f | 39.6 (9.7) abd | 20.8 (8.3)df | |||||||||
| %Difference leg extension NonOP - OP | ||||||||||||
| Baseline | -34.4 (36.0) | -64.6 (31.9) | -51.0 (31.3) | 0.367/0.038 | 0.003/0.366 | 0.063/0.150 | ||||||
| 3w-Prehab | -33.1 (26.2) | -40.3 (23.2)a | -39.6 (35.9) | |||||||||
| Pre-OP | -31.9 (28.5) | -21.0 (16.2) ab | -44.1 (42.5) | |||||||||
| 3m-Post-OP | -39.5 (34.0) | -46.7 (29.2)c | -69.1 (40.7) | |||||||||
| 6m-Post-OP | -37.0 (28.4) | -27.3 (23.9) abd | -38.1 (26.8) | |||||||||
| Leg curl OP (kg) | ||||||||||||
| Baseline | 10.8 (3.1) | 9.0 (4.6) | 6.4 (3.4)e | 0.038/0.334 | <0.001/0.916 | 0.003/0.502 | 0.046/0.204 | 0.017/0.260 | <0.001/0.557 | 0.001/0.416 | <0.001/0.645 | <0.001/0.625 |
| 3w-Prehab | 10.8 (3.1) | 14.2 (4.6)a | 9.0 (3.6)af | |||||||||
| Pre-OP | 11.0 (2.9)f | 19.1 (4.8) ab | 9.8 (3.6)af | |||||||||
| 3m-Post-OP | 8.8 (2.7)f | 14.6 (5.3) ac | 6.4 (4.6)cf | |||||||||
| 6m-Post-OP | 11.0 (1.7)df | 19.6 (4.1) abd | 9.0 (4.3) adf | |||||||||
| Leg curl NonOP (kg) | ||||||||||||
| Baseline | 13.3 (4.6) | 14.6 (3.9) | 10.0 (3.1)f | 0.049/0.298 | <0.001/0.815 | <0.001/0.617 | 0.039/0.213 | 0.011/0.286 | <0.001/0.550 | <0.001/0.597 | <0.001/0.676 | <0.001/0.567 |
| 3w-Prehab | 13.8 (4.3)f | 19.0 (4.3)a | 13.3 (4.4)af | |||||||||
| Pre-OP | 13.5 (4.3)f | 23.1 (3.7) ab | 14.5 (4.2)af | |||||||||
| 3m-Post-OP | 11.3 (2.7)f | 19.5 (3.1) ac | 10.8 (4.4) bcf | |||||||||
| 6m-Post-OP | 12.8 (4.0)f | 22.6 (2.6) abd | 12.5 (3.5) adf | |||||||||
| %Difference leg curl NonOP - OP | ||||||||||||
| Baseline | -19.8 (25.97) | -54.5 (35.5) | -54.4 (40.3) | 0.105/0.081 | <0.001/0.481 | 0.100/0.134 | ||||||
| 3w-Prehab | -24.5 (18.5) | -30.8 (27.5) | -39.9 (27.0) | |||||||||
| Pre-OP | -19.8 (18.9) | -20.4 (17.3) | -40.9 (23.0) | |||||||||
| 3m-Post-OP | -26.5 (19.3) | -33.0 (29.5) | -67.5 (38.4) | |||||||||
| 6m-Post-OP | -12.0 (19.9) | -15.8 (18.7) | -40.2 (28.5) | |||||||||
Data are provided as mean (standard deviation). CON, control group; BFR, BFR-training group; AC, active control group; rANOVA, repeated-measures analysis of variance; OP, operated leg; NonOP, non-operated leg.
a p < 0.05, significantly different to baseline within the respective group.
b p < 0.05, significantly different to 3w-Prehab within the respective group.
c p < 0.05, significantly different to Pre-OP within the respective group.
d p < 0.05, significantly different to 3m-Post-OP within the respective group.
e p < 0.05, significantly different to CON within the respective time point.
f p < 0.05, significantly different to BFR-group within the respective time point.