Table 2.
Summary of methods applied to biodiversity assessment in food consumption studies.
| Type of method | Specifications | Technique | Number of the study |
|---|---|---|---|
| Method for mapping biodiverse foods | Before dietary survey | Developing previous ethnographic assessment using different techniques to gather data, e.g., interviews with key informants, focus groups, local market surveys, free listing | #8 #9 #10 #14 #16 #21 |
| Collecting samples of local foods to identify with the help of herbariums and animal collections at universities and research institutes | #8 #9 #10 #21 | ||
| During dietary survey | Collecting samples of local foods to identify with the help of herbariums and animal collections at universities and research institutes | #2 #6 #7 #19 | |
| Photographing samples | #2 #7 | ||
| Producing diaries with lists of local edible species | #3 | ||
| Focus groups discussions | #1 #2 #4 #7 #17 | ||
| Conducting interviews with key informants among community members and with agricultural technicians | #1 #2 #3 #7 #22 | ||
| Performing market research | #18 #22 | ||
| Counting with the support of a taxonomist | #3 | ||
| Using a field guide | #6 | ||
| After dietary survey | Consultation of the literature, collections, and lists of plants commonly available in the region | #2 #5 #6 #17 #19 #20 | |
| Method for assessing food consumption | Retrospective direct methods | Food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) | #4 #8 #9 #10 #19 |
| 24-h recall | #1 #2 #4 #5 #6 #7 #8 #9 #10 #13 #14 #15 #16 #18 #19 #20 #21 #22 | ||
| Prospective direct methods | Weighed food records | #11 | |
| Other methods | Semi-directed interview or questionnaire | #3 #17 | |
| Direct observation | #3 #6 #14 #17 | ||
| 7-day recall | #12 |