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. 2022 Jun 27;182(8):796–804. doi: 10.1001/jamainternmed.2022.2141

Figure 1. Flowchart With the Number of Individuals Selected for the Association Study.

Figure 1.

Left, phenome-wide association study (PheWAS) and laboratory-wide association study (LabWAS) analysis; middle, outcome severity; right, association study with clinical outcomes that occurred within 60 days of COVID-19 testing/diagnosis. Individuals tested within the Department of Veterans Affairs (VA) who had nonmissing genotyping and ethnic information were included. Phecodes that showed association with sickle cell trait (SCT) were tested for their association with COVID-19–related death in individuals of African ancestry (left lower); SCT-related conditions post–COVID-19 were tested for their mediation of SCT-related death in COVID-19 (right lower). AKF indicates acute kidney failure; Hb, hemoglobin; ICD-9/ICD-10, International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision/Tenth Revision; MVP, Million Veteran Program.