Table 3. Development of Acute Kidney Failure and Declining Kidney Function Within 60 Days of COVID-19a.
| Model | Adjustment (preindex) | SCT | COVID-19+/− with SCT, P value for interaction | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Outcome | COVID-19 | ||||||||
| Negative | Positive | ||||||||
| No. | OR (95% CI) | P value | No. | OR (95% CI) | P value | ||||
| I | +AKI = 1, 2, 3 or prior ESRD (kidney function) | AKF | 24 691 | 0.92 (0.78-1.10) | .37 | 3448 | 1.41 (1.04-1.90) | .03 | .02 |
| IIA | No | AKF | 24 691 | 0.95 (0.81-1.13) | .58 | 3448 | 1.40 (1.06-1.86) | .02 | .02 |
| IIB | +AKF, +CKF, +prior ESRD | AKF | 24 691 | 0.92 (0.77-1.09) | .31 | 3448 | 1.46 (1.09-1.95) | .01 | .007 |
| IIC | +AKF, +CKF, +prior ESRD +CKD, +nephrosis | AKF | 24 691 | 0.89 (0.75-1.05) | .16 | 3448 | 1.33 (0.99-1.79) | .06 | .02 |
| III | No | Worsening kidney function (from AKI = 0 to AKI = 1, 2, 3) | 13 403 | 1.13 (0.90-1.42) | .31 | 2027 | 1.77 (1.17-2.68) | .007 | .06 |
Abbreviations: AKF, acute kidney failure; AKI, acute kidney injury; CKD, chronic kidney disease; CKF, chronic kidney failure; ESRD, end-stage renal disease; OR, odds ratio; SCT, sickle cell trait.
a
A stepwise regression analysis and the interaction of COVID-19 with SCT.